利用激光粉末床熔融技术增材制造高密度纯钨的模拟与实验研究

Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI:10.3390/ma17163966
Enwei Qin, Wenli Li, Hongzhi Zhou, Chengwei Liu, Shuhui Wu, Gaolian Shi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

钨及其合金具有高原子序数、高熔点和高导热性,因此非常适合在极端恶劣的放射性环境中用于核应用。近年来,使用快速成型技术生产具有复杂结构的钨部件的研究兴趣日益浓厚。然而,钨工程制造的关键瓶颈是高熔化温度和高韧性-脆性转变温度。本研究采用激光粉末床熔融技术来生产块状纯钨。并使用有限元分析来模拟激光照射时的温度和应力场。通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了印刷表面和横截面,对加工缺陷进行了定量研究。模拟温度场表明,小尺寸粉末有利于均匀熔化,并为选择激光能量密度提供了指导。实验结果表明,在体积能量密度为 200-391 J/mm3 的范围内,成功获得了超致密钨块体。获得的相对密度高达 99.98%。通过对孔隙和表面裂纹的定量分析,从现象上确定了裂纹和孔隙与激光体积能量密度的关系。这些结果有利于在未来的工程应用中通过增材制造控制钨部件的缺陷和表面质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Additive Manufacturing of Highly Dense Pure Tungsten by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Tungsten and its alloys have a high atomic number, high melting temperature, and high thermal conductivity, which make them fairly appropriate for use in nuclear applications in an extremely harsh radioactive environment. In recent years, there has been growing research interest in using additive manufacturing techniques to produce tungsten components with complex structures. However, the critical bottleneck for tungsten engineering manufacturing is the high melting temperature and high ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. In this study, laser powder bed fusion has been studied to produce bulk pure tungsten. And finite element analysis was used to simulate the temperature and stress field during laser irradiation. The as-printed surface as well as transverse sections were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to quantitatively study processing defects. The simulated temperature field suggests small-sized powder is beneficial for homogenous melting and provides guidelines for the selection of laser energy density. The experimental results show that ultra-dense tungsten bulk has been successfully obtained within a volumetric energy density of 200–391 J/mm3. The obtained relative density can be as high as 99.98%. By quantitative analysis of the pores and surface cracks, the relationships of cracks and pores with laser volumetric energy density have been phenomenologically established. The results are beneficial for controlling defects and surface quality in future engineering applications of tungsten components by additive manufacturing.
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