One-dimensional consolidation analysis of layered soil with exponential flow under continuous drainage boundary

To comprehensively consider the influence of boundary conditions, non-Darcy flow, load forms, and soil stratification on soil consolidation, a one-dimensional soil consolidation equation is established. By subdividing the soil layer and employing time discretization, the nonlinear consolidation equation is linearized, resulting in an analytical solution for layered soil foundation at any given time. Subsequently, an iterative approach for time solution is employed to obtain a semi-analytical solution. The correctness of the solution is verified by comparison with solutions based on Darcy's flow and the semi-analytical method under traditional drainage boundary conditions. Subsequently, the influence of interface parameters, loading conditions, flow index, and other factors on consolidation characteristics is analyzed. The results indicate that higher interface parameter values for continuous drainage boundaries correspond to faster average consolidation rates for stratified soil foundations, while these parameters have little effect on the time required for complete consolidation of the soil layers. Improved boundary drainage performance amplifies the influence of exponential flow on pore water pressure and average consolidation degree. Conversely, poor boundary drainage performance diminishes the impact of exponential flow on soil consolidation, rendering it negligible. Moreover, faster loading rates accentuate the influence of the flow index on the average consolidation degree defined by pore pressure.