佛罗里达州特有的稀有鸡冠花种群之间的遗传变异及其对保护和管理的影响

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.3390/d16080465
Maria Therese Vogel, Richard C. Moore, Vivian Negrón-Ortiz
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摘要

Hymenocallis henryae 是一种罕见的、具有魅力的蜘蛛百合,是佛罗里达潘汉德地区的特有物种。目前,该物种正在接受审查,以确定是否应根据《濒危物种法》将其列入名录,但该物种的遗传多样性尚未得到描述,而这些信息对列入名录的过程至关重要。我们对该物种地理分布范围内的 21 个历史种群进行了实地观察,并对 19 个现存种群中的 279 个个体进行了基因组分析。大多数种群的个体数少于 40 个,而个体数大于 100 个的种群则仅出现在受管理的土地上。种群内的遗传多样性普遍较低(HE:0.074-0.093),近交系数(FIS:0.068-0.431)为低到中等。大多数种群之间的遗传分化程度相对较低(FST:0-0.098),尽管统计学上支持距离隔离。此外,我们还发现整个物种范围内的遗传相似性较高,缺乏种群结构。通过融合鳞茎进行克隆繁殖是一种常见的繁殖策略。我们确认了当前面临的威胁(栖息地变化、住宅开发、火灾扑灭),并确定了几个受到海平面上升威胁的沿海种群。建议继续进行原地保护和管理,并建立异地活体采集,以保护因栖息地丧失和退化而面临灭绝危险的种群。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genetic Variation among Rare Florida Endemic Hymenocallis henryae Populations and the Implication for Conservation and Management
Hymenocallis henryae is a rare, charismatic spider lily endemic to the Florida panhandle. Currently under review to determine if listing under the Endangered Species Act is warranted, this species has undescribed genetic diversity, information crucial to the listing process. We conducted field observations of 21 historic populations across the species’ geographical range and performed genomic analyses of 279 individuals from 19 extant populations. Most populations had fewer than 40 individuals, while populations with >100 individuals were found exclusively on managed lands. Genetic diversity was uniformly low within populations (HE: 0.074–0.093), with low to moderate inbreeding coefficients (FIS: 0.068–0.431). Genetic differentiation was relatively low among most populations (FST: 0–0.098), although there was statistical support for isolation by distance. In addition, we found high genetic similarity and lack of population structure across the species range. Clonal propagation through fused bulbs is a common reproductive strategy. We confirmed current threats (habitat change, residential development, fire suppression) and identified several coastal populations threatened by sea level rise. It is recommended to continue with in situ protection and management as well as the establishment of ex situ living collections to preserve populations most at risk of extirpation from habitat loss and degradation.
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