中国干旱地区的国家环境计划和地方社会生态系统变化:对环境治理的影响

IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Zheng-Hong Kong, Jouni Paavola, Lindsay C. Stringer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生态和社会系统之间的相互依存关系已得到广泛认可,但人们往往忽略了当地社区如何受到其他部门或规模进程的影响。本研究通过考察中国防治荒漠化国家环境计划(NEPs)的实施情况,弥补了这一空白。我们调查了:(a) 自 2000 年以来当地社会生态系统的变化以及国家环境计划在其中所起的作用;(b) 这些变化如何影响了当地人的生活、行为以及对国家环境计划和土地的态度;(c) 其他驱动因素在这些变化中所起的作用及其影响。对科学家、基层执行人员以及当地农牧民进行了访谈和调查。我们还利用二级社会经济数据来了解更广泛的变化和驱动因素。我们的研究结果表明,国家环保计划既产生了积极的生物物理和社会经济变化,也产生了消极的生物物理和社会经济变化,而且这些变化既得到了其他部门和规模机构的支持,也受到了它们的干扰。虽然农民和牧民对环境和生活水平的改善表示赞赏,但他们也遭受了其他变化的影响,如耕地面积减少、生活和生产成本上升、市场不稳定以及极端天气事件。社会保障的缺失和有限的社会资本使农牧民无法参与支持土地保护和自身福祉的长期实践。研究结果突出表明,有必要通过提供社会保障和建立社会资本来培养当地社区的系统恢复能力,以应对不断变化的世界。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
National environmental programs and local social-ecological system change in dryland China: implications for environmental governance

Interdependence of ecological and social systems is widely acknowledged, but consideration of how local communities are influenced by processes at other sectors or scales is often omitted. This research addresses this gap by examining the implementation of China’s national environmental programs (NEPs) to combat desertification. We investigate (a) the changes in local social-ecological systems and the role of the NEPs therein since the year 2000; (b) how the changes have affected local livelihoods and behaviors and attitudes toward the NEPs and the land; and (c) the role of other drivers in the changes and their implications. Interviews and surveys were conducted with scientists, grassroots implementers, and local farmers and herders. Secondary socioeconomic data were used to understand broader changes and drivers. Our results indicate that the NEPs generated both positive and negative biophysical and socioeconomic changes, and that they were both supported and disrupted by institutions at other sectors and scales. Although farmers and herders appreciated an improved environment and living standards, they suffered from other changes, such as reduced arable land area, rising costs of living and production, precarious markets, and extreme weather events. Absence of social security and limited social capital made farmers and herders unable to engage in long-term practices that support land conservation and their well-being. The findings highlight the need to foster systemic resilience in local communities through the provision of social security and social capital building to navigate the changing world.

The post National environmental programs and local social-ecological system change in dryland China: implications for environmental governance first appeared on Ecology & Society.

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来源期刊
Ecology and Society
Ecology and Society 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
4.90%
发文量
109
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecology and Society is an electronic, peer-reviewed, multi-disciplinary journal devoted to the rapid dissemination of current research. Manuscript submission, peer review, and publication are all handled on the Internet. Software developed for the journal automates all clerical steps during peer review, facilitates a double-blind peer review process, and allows authors and editors to follow the progress of peer review on the Internet. As articles are accepted, they are published in an "Issue in Progress." At four month intervals the Issue-in-Progress is declared a New Issue, and subscribers receive the Table of Contents of the issue via email. Our turn-around time (submission to publication) averages around 350 days. We encourage publication of special features. Special features are comprised of a set of manuscripts that address a single theme, and include an introductory and summary manuscript. The individual contributions are published in regular issues, and the special feature manuscripts are linked through a table of contents and announced on the journal''s main page. The journal seeks papers that are novel, integrative and written in a way that is accessible to a wide audience that includes an array of disciplines from the natural sciences, social sciences, and the humanities concerned with the relationship between society and the life-supporting ecosystems on which human wellbeing ultimately depends.
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