用于全球量子通信的延时单卫星量子中继节点

Mustafa Gündoǧan, Jasminder S. Sidhu, Markus Krutzik, Daniel K. L. Oi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球规模的量子网络面临着巨大的技术和科学障碍。量子中继器(QRs)被提出来克服光纤固有的直接传输距离限制。然而,量子中继器的总距离通常限制在几千公里,并且/或者需要大量的硬件开销。最近的建议表明,带有机载量子存储器(QM)的串联式空间 QR 能够提供全球覆盖。在这里,我们提出了一种替代这种中继器星群的方法,即使用带有两个量子存储器的单颗卫星,有效地充当单个 QR 节点的延时版本。通过物理传输存储的量子比特,我们的协议改进了长距离纠缠分发,同时降低了系统复杂度。我们估算了有限区块体系中的安全密钥量,并证明与之前依赖单个 QM 的单卫星方法相比,我们的方案至少提高了三个数量级,同时还类似地降低了所需的内存容量。我们提出了一个实验平台来实现这一方案,该平台基于具有适当性能参数的稀土离子掺杂晶体。通过利用量子存储器寿命的最新进展,我们能够在实现高密钥率的同时显著降低系统复杂性,从而使全球量子网络更接近实现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Time-delayed single satellite quantum repeater node for global quantum communications
Global-scale quantum networking faces significant technical and scientific obstacles. Quantum repeaters (QRs) have been proposed to overcome the inherent direct transmission range limit through optical fiber. However, QRs are typically limited to a total distance of a few thousand kilometers and/or require extensive hardware overhead. Recent proposals suggest that strings of space-borne QRs with on-board quantum memories (QMs) are able to provide global coverage. Here, we propose an alternative to such repeater constellations using a single satellite with two QMs that effectively acts as a time-delayed version of a single QR node. By physically transporting stored qubits, our protocol improves long-distance entanglement distribution with reduced system complexity over previous proposals. We estimate the amount of secure key in the finite block regime and demonstrate an improvement of at least three orders of magnitude over prior single-satellite methods that rely on a single QM, while simultaneously reducing the necessary memory capacity similarly. We propose an experimental platform to realize this scheme based on rare-earth ion doped crystals with appropriate performance parameters. By exploiting recent advances in quantum memory lifetimes, we are able to significantly reduce system complexity while achieving high key rates, bringing global quantum networking closer to implementation.
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