Abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated by descending thoracic aortic dissection in a patient with TGFBR1 mutation

We described a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated by type B thoracic aortic dissection, in whom molecular analysis revealed a pathogenic TGFBR1 missense mutation. A 36-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with sudden onset of back pain. Computed tomography angiogram demonstrated descending aortic dissection extending into the abdominal aorta aneurysm. Whole-exome sequencing and subsequent Sanger sequencing confirmed a pathogenic mutation in the TGFBRI gene (NM_004612.4: c.605C > T; p.Ala202Val). She refused to receive surgery and died one month later. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of the TGFBR1 gene mutation who suffered from abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated by descending thoracic aortic dissection. Her rapid death underscores the importance of timely intervention in TGFBR1 mutation-positive patients.