美国西南部火山凝灰岩沉积物上松树生长的气候驱动因素:从径向增量和木材密度变化中获得的启示

IF 2.7 3区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
Julieta Gabriela Arco Molina , Jan Altman , Samresh Rai , Kirill Korznikov , Vit Pejcha , Miroslav Dvorsky , Jiri Doležal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解过去树木生长与气候相互作用的复杂动态对于预测森林生态系统对当前气候变化的反应至关重要。在此,我们探讨了亚利桑那州北部日落火山口有 400 年树龄的松柏长期生长动态的气候驱动因素,包括最近对前所未有的气候变暖的反应。为了评估可能限制海拔 2450 米多孔熔岩上山地树木生长的多种气候因素,我们采用了多种树环代用指标,包括总环宽(TRW)、早材宽(EWW)、晚材宽(LWW)、早材最小密度(minD)和晚材最大密度(maxD)。我们使用静态和移动相关性来评估前一年和当年的气温、降水、标准化降水-蒸散指数(SPEI)、厄尔尼诺 3.4 和太平洋十年涛动(PDO)指数的变化如何影响总体生长和密度及其季节模式。我们的分析揭示了气候驱动因素的季节性变化,从冬季和春季降水对 EWW 和 minD 的积极影响到夏季高温和干旱对 LWW 和 maxD 的消极影响。这支持了一个假设,即半干旱地区的树木生长是土壤含水量和蒸发强迫之间复杂相互作用的结果。降水减少和气温升高减少了EWW(占总TRW的60%),特别是在1925-1950年和1990-2010年,而最有利于生长的时期是在较凉爽、较湿润的1900-1925年和1960-1980年,这导致EWW大而MinD低。在 1930-1960 年和 1990-2016 年这两个较温暖干燥的年份,太平洋海水温度较高,PDO 和厄尔尼诺 3.4 指数呈正值,这可能是由于水分增加和春季干旱减少的缘故,促进了早期木质部加宽,内腔尺寸增大,从而降低了 minD。由于降水量相对稳定,在过去三个最热的十年中没有出现明显的生长衰退。然而,自 20 世纪 80 年代以来,气候驱动因素已从冬季和春季转向夏季,这可能是造成该地区生长量极低的年份以及夏季热浪和干旱引起火灾的原因。这些发现有助于更好地理解气候变化与脆弱的半干旱山地森林树木生长动态之间的复杂关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Climate drivers of Pinus ponderosa tree development on volcanic tephra deposits in the Southwestern USA: Insights from radial increment and wood density variations

Understanding the complex dynamics of past tree growth-climate interactions is essential for predicting forest ecosystem responses to current climate change. Here, we explore the climate drivers of long-term growth dynamics in 400-year-old Pinus ponderosa trees at Sunset Crater Volcano in northern Arizona, including recent responses to unprecedented warming. To evaluate multiple climate factors potentially limiting montane trees on porous lava at 2450 m elevation, we employed several tree-ring proxies, including total ring width (TRW), earlywood width (EWW), latewood width (LWW), earlywood minimum density (minD), and latewood maximum density (maxD). We used static and moving correlations to assess how variations in previous and current year temperatures, precipitation, Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), El Niño 3.4, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices impact overall growth and density and their seasonal pattern. Our analyses revealed a seasonal shift in climate drivers, from the positive influence of winter and spring precipitation on EWW and minD to the negative effect of high summer temperatures and drought on LWW and maxD. This supports the hypothesis that tree growth in semi-arid regions results from a complex interplay between soil water content and evaporative forcing. Diminished precipitation and increased temperatures reduced EWW (constituting ∼60 % of total TRW), notably in the years 1925–1950 and 1990–2010, while the most favorable periods for growth were during cooler, wetter years 1900–1925 and 1960–1980, resulting in large EWW with low minD. During the warmer and drier years of 1930–1960 and 1990–2016, warmer Pacific waters, indicated by positive PDO and El Niño 3.4 indices, promoted wider earlywood with larger lumen size and thus lower minD, likely due to increased moisture and reduced spring drought. There was no marked growth decline in the last three warmest decades due to relatively stable precipitation. However, since the 1980s, climate drivers have shifted from winter and spring to summer, possibly contributing to extremely low growth years and fire events in the region due to summer heatwaves and droughts. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship between climate change and tree growth dynamics in vulnerable semi-arid mountain forests.

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来源期刊
Dendrochronologia
Dendrochronologia FORESTRY-GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
13.30%
发文量
82
审稿时长
22.8 weeks
期刊介绍: Dendrochronologia is a peer-reviewed international scholarly journal that presents high-quality research related to growth rings of woody plants, i.e., trees and shrubs, and the application of tree-ring studies. The areas covered by the journal include, but are not limited to: Archaeology Botany Climatology Ecology Forestry Geology Hydrology Original research articles, reviews, communications, technical notes and personal notes are considered for publication.
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