State-of-Charge Estimation of Reconfigurable Supercapacitor

A large body of research has been done on state-of-charge (SOC) estimate of supercapacitors in the literature; most of the works have been on SOC estimation of individual supercapacitor units. Nonetheless, supercapacitors are usually linked to balancing circuits in real-world applications in order to remove inter-cell imbalances. The cells’ system dynamics shift to a new mode when the balancing circuit is turned on, making the SOC calculation techniques that are currently in use inappropriate. Our proposal in this research is a Kalman filtering-based reconfigurable supercapacitor balancing system SOC estimate method. By fusing a reconfigurable balancing circuit with the equivalent circuit model of supercapacitors, we create a linear switching systems model. The switching system’s discrete-time form is shown, and its observability is examined. With filter gains dynamically modified according to the system mode, a switching Kalman filter is intended to estimate the SOC of the switched system. The accuracy of SOC estimation is greatly improved by the suggested method when supercapacitors are in the balancing mode, as confirmed by the simulation results.