Critical Minerals for India's Clean Energy Transition

This paper unpacks the meaning of the term “critical” in “critical minerals” by highlighting the vulnerabilities that affect the availability of these minerals in India. It maps the critical mineral scenario for India by examining the domestic vulnerabilities of India’s critical mineral supplies and unpacking the political economy of global mineral resource flows while contextualizing them for India’s energy transition. Finally, based on these observations, it suggests a way forward for India to secure its critical minerals economy.