在中断风险下优化多渠道采购计划

IF 9.8 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL
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引用次数: 0

摘要

采购在供应链管理中扮演着重要角色,直接影响着企业的生产、交货和声誉。本文研究了考虑中断风险、不确定需求和现货市场价格影响的多渠道采购计划问题(MCPP-R)。为了满足客户需求,买方可以通过与主要供应商(PS)签订长期合同来进行采购,这种方式在价格上有一定优势,但可能容易受到中断风险的影响。或者,买方可以签订期权合同,保留向备用供应商(BS)采购的权利。此外,买方还可以从价格不确定的现货市场采购。在采购过程中,买方需要先决定从 PS 订购的数量和从 BS 储备的数量,然后在客户需求实现和现货市场价格出现时,再分别决定从 BS 和现货市场储备的数量。MCPP-R 的目的是找到预期总采购成本最小的最优采购组合方案,它被表述为一个两阶段随机编程模型。由于 MCPP-R 模型的非凸性和非连续性,其最优解法是将其等价转换为带约束条件的最短路径问题(SPP)。该求解方法对不确定需求和现货市场价格的分布没有具体要求。我们进行了大量的数值实验,分析需求和现货市场价格的风险和不确定性对采购计划的影响。实验分析表明,在大多数情况下,BS 起着至关重要的作用,尤其是在中断概率高或现货市场价格高的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Optimizing multi-channel procurement planning under disruption risks

Procurement plays a vital role in supply chain management, which directly affects the production, delivery, and reputation of enterprises. This paper investigates the multi-channel procurement planning problem (MCPP-R) considering the impact of disruption risk, uncertain demand and spot-market price. To meet the customer demand, the buyer can make purchases by signing a long-term contract with the primary supplier (PS), which offers certain advantages in price but may be susceptible to disruption risks. Alternatively, the buyer can enter into an option contract to retain the right to purchase from a backup supplier (BS). Additionally, the buyer can also purchase from the spot market with uncertain prices. During the procurement process, the buyer needs to decide the quantity to order from the PS and the quantity to reserve from the BS first, and then decide the quantities to reserve from a BS and the spot market respectively when the customer demand realization and spot-market price emerge. The MCPP-R is to find the optimal procurement portfolio solution with the minimum expected total procurement cost, formulated as a two-stage stochastic programming model. Due to the non-convex and non-continuous nature, the MCPP-R model is solved optimally by transforming equivalently into a shortest-path problem (SPP) with constraints. The solution method does not have specific requirements for the distribution of uncertain demand and spot-market price. We conduct extensive numerical experiments to analyze the impact of risk and uncertainty in demand and spot-market price on the procurement plan. The experimental analysis indicates that BS plays a crucial role in most cases, particularly with high disruption probability or high spot-market price.

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来源期刊
International Journal of Production Economics
International Journal of Production Economics 管理科学-工程:工业
CiteScore
21.40
自引率
7.50%
发文量
266
审稿时长
52 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Production Economics focuses on the interface between engineering and management. It covers all aspects of manufacturing and process industries, as well as production in general. The journal is interdisciplinary, considering activities throughout the product life cycle and material flow cycle. It aims to disseminate knowledge for improving industrial practice and strengthening the theoretical base for decision making. The journal serves as a forum for exchanging ideas and presenting new developments in theory and application, combining academic standards with practical value for industrial applications.
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