作为古代俄罗斯行政法和行政程序主要来源的俄罗斯真理报

S. I. Gridin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

俄罗斯真理》是封建罗斯法律最古老的纪念碑。它反映了王权的增长和王室的扩张。本研究致力于确定这个时代的法律和法律程序的特点。像古罗马的《十二表法》和巴比伦国王哈穆拉比(Hamurabi)的法律,我们的研究就是专门针对这些法律的。俄罗斯的真理也是法官。我们在其中遇到了法律规则,也就是我们现在所说的行政法和行政程序。在《俄罗斯真理报》中,不同的历史时代混杂在一起,没有规范的系统化。真相的一个独立部分被称为 "雅罗斯拉夫-弗拉基米罗维奇的法庭"。俄罗斯真理报》并没有完整地向我们介绍王室的组织结构。单独的王子判决成为后来法院判决的标准。因此,王子会根据人们的地位来制定杀人的刑罚。雅罗斯拉夫日真理报》禁止血仇,并引入了罚款。俄罗斯真理报》规定的诉讼是对抗式的,它规定了预审程序。明确了原告和被告之间的关系。这种秩序被称为 "拱卫 "和 "迫害痕迹"。竞争产生于那些甚至在部落社会中也存在的斗争形式,当时的关系是通过武力来理清的。研究表明,《俄罗斯真理报》所说的法律已经超越了更古老时代的原始习俗,代表了一种发达的制度,在这种制度中,有法庭、程序、证据和惩罚制度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Russian Pravda as a primary source of administrative law and process in ancient Russia
Russian Truth is the oldest monument of the law of feudal Rus’. It reflects the growth of princely power and the expansion of the princely court. This study is devoted to identifying the features of law and legal proceedings in this era. Like the ancient Laws of the XII tables in Ancient Rome and the Babylonian laws of King Hamurabi (Hamurabi), to which our study was devoted. Russian Truth is also a judge. In it we meet the rules of law, which we now call administrative law and process. Separate historical epochs are mixed up in Russkaya Pravda, there is no systematization of norms. A separate part of the truth is called “The Court of Yaroslav Vladimirovich.” Russkaya Pravda does not give us a complete account of the organization of the princely court. Separate princely decisions became the norm for subsequent court decisions. So, the prince sets penalties for killing people depending on their position. Pravda Yaroslavichi forbids blood feuds and introduces a fine instead. Litigation under Russkaya Pravda is adversarial, which establishes pre-trial procedures. The relationship between the plaintiffs and the defendants is clarified. This order is called “arching” and “persecution of the trace.” Competitiveness arises from those forms of struggle that existed even in a tribal society, when relations were sorted out by force. The study showed that the law according to Russian Pravda has gone ahead of the primitive customs of more ancient times and represents a developed system, where there was a court, a process, a system of evidence and punishments.
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