小儿腹腔疾病的主要营养方法:微型综述

Nilton Carlos Machado, Thabata Koester Weber, Juliana Tedesco Dias, Gabriela Nascimento Hercos, Carine Dias Ferreira de Jesus, Mary de Assis Carvalho
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摘要

背景:乳糜泻(Celiac disease,CD)是一种慢性小肠炎,伴有绒毛萎缩,因此是一种免疫介导的疾病,由遗传易感人群摄入小麦、大麦和黑麦中的麸质引发。目的:总结 CD 患者饮食管理的基本原则。本微型综述使用 PubMed 在线数据库中的相关文章,以 "乳糜泻"、"麸质"、"无麸质饮食"、"营养方法 "和 "饮食依从性 "为医学关键词。该机构的伦理委员会已免除了对本文伦理方面的审查。治疗的基石是终身坚持无麸质饮食(GFD)。这种饮食疗法是患者治疗的基础,要求从饮食中剔除所有含有麸质及其衍生物的食物成分。然而,治疗方法已从重点避免食物转变为对影响患者生活中饮食选择的各种因素进行广泛评估。乳糜泻全球随访方法的基础是:1)控制症状和坚持饮食;2)在心理学家的积极参与下,改善 CD 患者的情绪和社交健康;3)确保对儿童和家庭进行成功的管理教育。事实上,CD 的影响超出了患者的范围,影响到护理人员的福祉;4)评估社会经济负担,考虑到无麸质食品仍然比含麸质的同类产品昂贵得多,而且供应不稳定。因此,无麸质食品是 CD 的主要治疗方法,而疾病管理方面的困难会导致生活质量下降。总之,严格遵守 GFD 至关重要,需要一个由医生、营养师和心理学家组成的多学科团队定期访问,以评估饮食依从性,避免长期并发症。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The primary nutritional approach in pediatric celiac disease: a mini-review
Background: Celiac disease (CD) is chronic small bowel inflammation with villous atrophy, consequently, an immune-mediated disorder triggered by ingesting Gluten in wheat, barley, and rye in genetically susceptible individuals. Aims: Summarize the fundamental principles for managing the diet of patients with CD. This Mini-Review using relevant articles in PubMed's online databases followed the medical keywords Celiac Disease, Gluten, gluten-free diet, nutritional approach, and diet adherence. The institution's Ethics Committee has waived the need to review the ethical aspects of this text. The cornerstone of the treatment is the lifelong adherence to a Gluten-Free Diet (GFD). This dietary regimen, which forms the basis of the patient's treatment, requires eliminating all food components containing Gluten and its derivatives from the diet. However, the treatment approach has changed from focusing on food avoidance to a wide-ranging evaluation of the various factors influencing the dietary choices in the patient's life. The Global Approach to the Follow-up of Celiac Disease is based on 1) control of symptomatology and dietary adherence; 2) improving emotional and social wellness in treating CD patients, with the active involvement of a psychologist; and 3) ensuring successful education of both the child and the family about its management. Indeed, the impact of CD extends beyond the patient and affects the well-being of caregivers and 4) evaluate socioeconomic burden, considering that Gluten-free food products remain significantly more expensive than gluten-containing equivalents with variable availability. So, the GFD is the primary treatment for CD, and difficulties in managing the Disease can lead to impaired Quality of Life. In conclusion, strict adherence to the GFD is imperative, requiring a multidisciplinary team involving physicians, dietitians, and psychologists on a regular visit schedule to assess dietary adherence and avoid long-term complications.
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