Microwave Revolution: Transforming Biomedical Synthesis for Tissue Engineering Advancements

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis (MAS) has emerged as a groundbreaking technique revolutionizing the field of biomedical and tissue engineering. This review aims to explore the fundamental principles, techniques, and applications of MAS in these domains. Beginning with an overview highlighting its significance, we delve into the basic principles, mechanisms, and comparative analysis with conventional methods. Subsequently, the review explores MAS techniques in biomaterial synthesis, tissue scaffold fabrication, functionalization, and nanomaterial synthesis, along with their role in drug delivery systems. We then examine its diverse applications, including rapid biomaterial synthesis, property tailoring, biocompatibility enhancements, and tissue regeneration strategies. Furthermore, we address the challenges and future perspectives, focusing on safety considerations, understanding cellular responses, integration with advanced technologies, regulatory aspects, and future directions. This comprehensive review underscores MAS as a transformative tool driving innovations in biomedical research and therapeutic applications