废印刷电路板的低温热解和剥离:回收高纯度铜箔

Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.3390/su16156269
Elanjikkal Indran Anjana, K. Jayasankar, Rita Khanna, Jayapalan Venkatesan, Yury V. Konyukhov, Partha Sarathy Mukherjee
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管已开发出多种从废弃印刷电路板(PCB)中提取铜的技术,但在能源消耗、局部区域污染和环境破坏方面仍存在一些挑战。为了克服这些问题,我们开发了一种从废印刷电路板中提取铜箔的新技术,该技术基于低温热解,然后进行剥离。在这项研究中,从印刷电路板中去除电子元件和机械加工/减小尺寸/粉化等标准预处理步骤被减至最少。几块未分类的 "原样 "印刷电路板在氩气环境下,在 750-850 °C 的温度范围内进行了 5-20 分钟的热处理。刮掉热处理试样上的脆性黑炭和其他残留物,以分离铜箔和其他残留物。安装在 PCB 上的大部分电子元件在热处理过程中脱落。在所有情况下都回收了优质铜箔;铜的纯度超过 85 wt.%。存在的主要杂质是铅、锡和锌,其典型浓度低于 4 wt.%。该技术的主要特点包括最大限度地减少能源密集型预处理过程和废物处理、热解温度低和加热时间短。这种节能方法有可能提高资源回收率,同时减少材料损失、局部地区污染和电子废物处理设施附近的污染。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Low Temperature Pyrolysis and Exfoliation of Waste Printed Circuit Boards: Recovery of High Purity Copper Foils
Although several techniques have been developed to extract copper from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs), there remain several challenges regarding energy consumption, local area contamination and environmental damage. A novel technique has been developed for extracting copper foils from waste PCBs based on low temperature pyrolysis followed by exfoliation to overcome these issues. The standard pretreatment steps of removing electronic components from PCBs and mechanical processing/size-reduction/powdering, etc., were minimized in this study. Several unsorted ‘as received’ PCBs were heat treated in the temperature range 750–850 °C for 5–20 min. in an argon atmosphere. Brittle dark chars and other residues on the heat-treated specimens were scrapped off to separate copper foils and other residuals. Most of the electronic components mounted on PCBs had dropped off during the heat treatment. Good-quality copper foils were recovered in all cases; the purity of copper was in excess of 85 wt.%. Key impurities present were Pb, Sn and Zn with typical concentrations less than 4 wt.%. Key features of the technique include minimizing energy intensive pre-treatment processes and waste handling, low pyrolysis temperatures and short heating times. This energy-efficient approach has the potential to enhance resource recovery while reducing the loss of materials, local area contamination and pollution near e-waste processing facilities.
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