在俄罗斯联邦总统选前竞选期间预防、侦查和打击恐怖主义和极端主义犯罪的问题(以圣彼得堡和列宁格勒州的材料为基础)

Maksim Bavsun, I.S. Ilyin
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摘要

导言。本文专门从犯罪学角度分析了俄罗斯联邦总统选举前竞选期间的恐怖主义和极端主义犯罪。任何国家在可能的(尽管是合法的)权力转换时期都是责任最大的时期,往往会造成社会关系的暂时不稳定,破坏执法和其他机构正常工作的稳定。这种破坏活动的主要手段主要是极端主义和恐怖主义犯罪,其最大目的是诋毁现有的政治制度。作者指出,对于圣彼得堡这样的城市来说,俄罗斯联邦总统的选举具有特别重要的意义,因此会影响到此类犯罪的增长及其性质特征。在这方面,2024 年的竞选活动中反对派的表现最为突出,其表现形式也最为玩世不恭。反过来,对此类活动进行犯罪学分析对于进一步预测未来选举期间的犯罪形势具有重要意义,从而有可能制定一套措施来打击此类行为并确保未来社会关系的稳定。研究方法。研究基于普遍辩证的认知方法,包括对确定恐怖主义和极端主义犯罪的因素和过程的分析,以及一般科学(分析和综合、归纳和演绎、抽象、系统方法)和特殊科学(形式-法律、逻辑、统计、大众媒体和互联网内容分析)认知方法的结合。结论作者制定了今后一段时期执法系统在打击恐怖主义和极端主义犯罪方面的优先任务。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Problems of prevention, detection and counteraction of terrorist and extremist offences during the pre-election campaign of the President of the Russian Federation (based on the materials of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region)
Introduction. The article is devoted to the criminological analysis of terrorist and extremist offences during the pre-election campaign of the President of the Russian Federation. The period of possible, though legitimate, transformation of power for any state is the most responsible, often causing temporary instability of social relations, destabilising normal work of law enforcement and other bodies. As the main means of such destructive activity are mainly extremist and terrorist offences, maximally aimed at discrediting the existing political system. The authors note that for such a city as St. Petersburg, the election of the President of the Russian Federation is of special importance, which, accordingly, affects both the growth of such offences and their qualitative characteristics. In this regard, the election campaign of 2024 was marked by maximum manifestations of opposition, expressed in the most cynical deviant forms. In turn, criminological analysis of such activities is of serious importance for further prognosis of the criminal situation in the period of the future elections, making it possible to develop a set of measures for counteracting such behaviour and ensuring the stability of social relations in the future. Methods. The research is based on the universal dialectical method of cognition, including the analysis of factors and processes of determination of terrorist and extremist offences, as well as a combination of general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction, systemic method) and particular scientific (formal-legal, logical, statistical, content analysis of mass media and the Internet) methods of cognition. Conclusion. The authors formulated the priority tasks for the law enforcement system in counteracting terrorist and extremist offences for the future period.
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