米纳斯吉拉斯州南部地区主人对猫狗体外寄生虫的认识

Pubvet Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.31533/pubvet.v18n08e1635
Alexandre Thomé da Silva de Almeida, Natália De Fátima Barbosa, Gustavo Mendes Alvarez
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摘要

目前,众所周知,家养动物的数量呈指数增长,尤其是狗(D.)和猫(C.)。由于这些动物离人类很近,可能会传播人畜共患病,而这些疾病主要是由跳蚤和扁虱等体外寄生虫引起的。为此,有必要采取有效的方法来控制和预防寄生虫。因此,本研究旨在描述米纳斯吉拉斯州(巴西)南部地区 D.和 C.的体外寄生虫发生情况,并了解辅导员对小动物主要体外寄生虫及其控制和预防方法的了解情况。通过对性别、年龄、教育程度和居住城市的提问,可以了解参与研究的 91 名辅导员的概况。经统计,共有 181 名 C 级辅导员和 260 名 D 级辅导员。其中 49 人声称只养 D.,41 人只养 C.,7 人两种都养。这些数据凸显了巴西人对 D. 的偏爱。关于 D.的性别,未阉割的 D.种群以雌性居多,而 C.则以完整的雄性居多。关于接受兽医治疗的动物数量,回答 "否 "和 "是 "的动物数量分别为 47 和 106。122 只动物中发现了褐蜱,54 只动物中发现了星蜱,202 只动物中发现了跳蚤,45 只动物中发现了蝇蛆病,16 位辅导员回答说他们发现了其他类型的寄生虫。关于体外寄生虫的控制,每月(63 只)、每季度(91 只)、每半年(111 只)、每年(82 只)或不进行控制(59 只)。98 头 D.和 60 头 C.接受口服体外寄生虫药物,11 头 D.和 4 头 C.使用项圈,3 头 D.和 28 头 C.使用吸管,15 名辅导员不知道使用哪种方法。13 只 D.被诊断出患有埃希氏菌病,3 只患有巴贝西亚虫病,10 只患有其他寄生虫病。关于治疗方法:26 名辅导员表示,他们按照兽医开出的处方进行治疗,20 名辅导员不知道处方的来源,1 名辅导员表示处方是别人推荐的。最后得出的结论是,辅导员认识到疾病传播的风险,但对人畜共患病知之甚少。因此,应由卫生专业人员和兽医就体外寄生虫及其与人畜共患病的关系提供指导。外寄生虫经常发生,但只要控制得当,动物的福利和健康就能得到保证。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Conhecimento dos tutores sobre ectoparasitas em cães e gatos na região do Sul de Minas Gerais
Currently, it is known that the population of domestic animals increases exponentially, especially dogs (D.) and cats (C.). Due to the proximity of these animals to humans, the transmission of zoonotic diseases can occur, which are largely caused by ectoparasites, such as fleas and ticks. To this end, effective methods of controlling and preventing parasites are necessary. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the occurrence of ectoparasites in D. and C. in the southern region of Minas Gerais (Brazil), and to understand the knowledge of tutors regarding the main ectoparasites of small animals and their control and prevention methods. It was possible to establish the profile of the 91 tutors who participated in the research through questions that addressed gender, age, education level and city of residence. A total of 181 C. and 260 D. were counted. 49 participants claimed to have only D., 41 only C., and seven had both species. These data highlight the preference for D. in Brazilian territory. Regarding the sex of D., females prevail as the largest uncastrated population, with the prevalence of intact males for C. Regarding the number of animals receiving veterinary care, the total number of responses was 47 for no and 106 for yes. The brown tick was found in 122 animals, the star tick in 54, the flea in 202, myiasis in 45, and 16 tutors responded that they found another type of parasite. Regarding the control of ectoparasites, control is carried out monthly (63 animals), quarterly (91), semi-annually (111), annually (82) or no control is carried out (59). 98 D. and 60 C. receive oral ectoparasiticides, 11 D. and 4 C. used collars, and the use of pipettes occurs in 3 D. and 28 C. 15 tutors do not know which method to use. 13 D. were diagnosed with ehrlichiosis, 3 animals with babesiosis and 10 with other parasitic diseases. Regarding the treatments carried out: 26 tutors stated that they followed the treatment prescribed by the veterinarian, 20 did not know the origin of the prescription and one stated that it was someone else's recommendation. In the end, it is concluded that tutors recognize the risks of disease transmission but know little about zoonoses. Therefore, it is up to health professionals and veterinarians to provide guidance on ectoparasites and their relationship with zoonoses. The occurrence of ectoparasites is frequent but, with proper control, the well-being and health of the animals is guaranteed.
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