用钻孔法测量残余应力的误差评估

A. Monakhov, D. V. Grinevich, N. O. Yakovlev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

开发了一种具有指定深度残余应力分布的样品配置,以详细说明使用机械和物理方法研究残余应力的模式。样品形成技术的基础是根据纯弯曲方案对矩形截面铝梁进行非均匀塑性变形。在加载过程中,通过使用数字图像相关系统获得的法向变形场对样品端面的变形状态进行控制。塑性变形层的深度为 1.3 毫米。根据有限元模型的数值计算结果,确定了塑性变形样品卸载后残余应力的理论分布,其中考虑了物理和机械特性、弹塑性硬化以及基本样品单轴拉伸后真实坐标的变形曲线。根据 ASTM E837 标准,在试样的两个相对面(分别是加载下的拉伸区域和压缩区域)钻孔,对深度不均匀的残余应力进行了研究。使用三轴应变片记录钻孔产生的变形响应控制。残余应力纵向分量的实际测量结果与通过数值方法获得的理论分布进行了比较。测量铝合金样品残余应力的均方根误差达到 18.7 兆帕。值得注意的是,最大的测量误差是在小深度处记录的,因为这些深度处的变形值较小,与射击噪声值相当。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of the errors of measuring residual stresses by the hole drilling method
A sample configuration with a specified distribution of residual stresses in depth was developed to elaborate modes for studying residual stresses using mechanical and physical methods. The sample formation technique is based on non-uniform plastic deformation of an aluminum beam of rectangular cross section according to the pure bending scheme. The control of the deformed state during loading was performed on the end surface of the sample by the field of normal deformations obtained using a digital image correlation system. The depth of the plastically deformed layer was 1.3 mm. The theoretical distribution of residual stresses obtained as a result of unloading of a plastically deformed sample was determined from the results of a numerical calculation of a finite element model, with allowance for the physical and mechanical characteristics, elastic-plastic hardening, as well as the deformation curve in true coordinates obtained as a result of uniaxial tension on elementary samples. A study of residual stresses inhomogeneous in depth was carried out by drilling holes in accordance with ASTM E837 on two opposite sides of the sample: the region of tension under loading and the area of compression, respectively. The control of the deformation response resulted from drilling was recorded using three-axis strain gauge rosettes. The results of the actual measurement of the longitudinal component of residual stresses were compared with their theoretical distribution obtained by a numerical method. The root-mean-square error in measuring residual stresses, relative to their theoretical distribution, for an aluminum alloy sample reaches 18.7 MPa. It should be noted that largest measurement errors were recorded at small depths, since they are characterized by small values of deformations comparable to the value of shot noise.
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