Diet and physical activity in pregnancy carbohydrate metabolism disorders

Carbohydrate metabolism disorders are a serious problem during pregnancy. They are a complication in approximately 15-20% of pregnancies. The body has difficulty processing and using carbohydrates, leading to abnormal levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Two common pregnancy-related disorders are gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-existing diabetes. Hypoglycemia and insulin resistance are also very common problems during pregnancy. Complications affect both the mother and the child, so it is important to know them and be able to prevent their occurrence and complications. The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the influence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders during pregnancy and diet and physical exercise in the light of most up to date research.