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引用次数: 0
摘要
在整个进化过程中,细胞大小与生长密切相关,但细胞大小对达到最大生长或适应性是否重要仍是一个未决问题。我们的研究表明,生长率是细胞体积的非单调函数,最大值在野生型酵母细胞的临界大小附近。酵母和小鼠细胞的转录组随着细胞体积的变化而发生相对反转,我们从理论和实验上将其与 RNA 聚合酶 II 对启动子的亲和力所需的全基因组多样性联系起来。虽然当 DNA/质量比降低时,高表达基因会对适应性产生强烈的负面影响,但模拟细胞大小相对反转的转录组改变会强烈抑制细胞的生长。总之,我们的数据表明,细胞设定了临界大小,以获得适当平衡的转录组,从而在增殖过程中最大限度地提高生长和适应能力。
Transcriptomic balance and optimal growth are determined by cell size
Cell size and growth are intimately related across the evolutionary scale, but whether cell size is important to attain maximal growth or fitness is still an open question. We show that growth rate is a non-monotonic function of cell volume, with maximal values around the critical size of wild-type yeast cells. The transcriptome of yeast and mouse cells undergoes a relative inversion in response to cell size, which we associate theoretically and experimentally with the necessary genome-wide diversity in RNA polymerase II affinity for promoters. Although highly expressed genes impose strong negative effects on fitness when the DNA/mass ratio is reduced, transcriptomic alterations mimicking the relative inversion by cell size strongly restrain cell growth. In all, our data indicate that cells set the critical size to obtain a properly balanced transcriptome and, as a result, maximize growth and fitness during proliferation.
期刊介绍:
Molecular Cell is a companion to Cell, the leading journal of biology and the highest-impact journal in the world. Launched in December 1997 and published monthly. Molecular Cell is dedicated to publishing cutting-edge research in molecular biology, focusing on fundamental cellular processes. The journal encompasses a wide range of topics, including DNA replication, recombination, and repair; Chromatin biology and genome organization; Transcription; RNA processing and decay; Non-coding RNA function; Translation; Protein folding, modification, and quality control; Signal transduction pathways; Cell cycle and checkpoints; Cell death; Autophagy; Metabolism.