2019 年至 2022 年美国商业保险儿童和青少年的精神药物使用情况。

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS
Haeyoung Lee, Alejandro Amill-Rosario, Gloria Reeves, Susan dosReis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的比较 2019 年至 2022 年期间发生精神药物使用事件的儿童和青少年比例。研究方法这项横断面研究使用了 IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus for Academics 健康计划理赔数据库。我们的研究样本包括在 2019 年 3 月至 2022 年 2 月期间至少服用过一种精神药物的 6-18 岁儿童和青少年。我们研究了三个不同研究时期的精神药物使用情况:流行前(2019 年 3 月至 2020 年 2 月)、流行年-1(2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 2 月)和流行年-2(2021 年 3 月至 2022 年 2 月)。在每个研究期间,儿童和青少年首次配发精神药物前的 12 个月内没有使用精神药物的证据即为偶发用药。我们估算了三个研究期间的精神药物使用情况。平均边际效应检验了精神药物使用的整体显著差异,以及按年龄和性别进行的分层。研究结果我们的样本中有 42,346 名儿童和青少年在研究期间接受过任何精神药物治疗,在大流行前、大流行第一年和大流行第二年,精神药物的使用率分别为 27.8%、26.0% 和 27.8%。抗抑郁药物的使用率在大流行第一年为 51.4%,在大流行第二年为 54.6%。与大流行前一年相比,大流行第一年发生使用精神药物的概率降低了 2.4%(p < 0.001)。在大流行第二年,6-11 岁青少年和女性开始使用精神药物的比例高于大流行前。结论大流行开始 2 年后,年龄较小的儿童和女性儿童使用精神药物的情况最为显著。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Incident Psychotropic Medication Use Among US Commercially Insured Children and Adolescents from 2019 to 2022.

Objective: To compare the proportion of children and adolescents with incident psychotropic medication use from 2019 through 2022. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus for Academics health plan claims database. Our study sample consisted of children and adolescents ages 6-18 who had at least one psychotropic medication in March 2019-February 2022. We examined psychotropic medication use in three distinct study periods: pre-pandemic (March 2019 to February 2020), pandemic-year-1 (March 2020-February 2021), and pandemic-year-2 (March 2021-February 2022). Incident use was defined as no evidence of psychotropic medication in the 12 months preceding the child and adolescent's first psychotropic dispensing in each study period. We estimated incident psychotropic use in the three study periods. Average marginal effects tested for significant differences in psychotropic initiation, overall and stratified by age and sex. Results: In our sample of 42,346 children and adolescents who were dispensed any psychotropic medication during the study period, incident psychotropic users were 27.8% in pre-pandemic, 26.0% in pandemic-year-1, and 27.8% in pandemic-year-2. Incident use of antidepressants was 51.4% in pandemic-year-1 and 54.6% in pandemic-year-2. The probability of incident psychotropic use was 2.4% lower in pandemic-year-1 than in the pre-pandemic year (p < 0.001). The proportion of 6-11-year-olds and females initiating a psychotropic was higher in pandemic-year-2 than pre-pandemic. Conclusion: Incident psychotropic use was most notable in younger and female children 2 years after the pandemic onset.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
61
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology (JCAP) is the premier peer-reviewed journal covering the clinical aspects of treating this patient population with psychotropic medications including side effects and interactions, standard doses, and research on new and existing medications. The Journal includes information on related areas of medical sciences such as advances in developmental pharmacokinetics, developmental neuroscience, metabolism, nutrition, molecular genetics, and more. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology coverage includes: New drugs and treatment strategies including the use of psycho-stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, mood stabilizers, and atypical antipsychotics New developments in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, along with other disorders Reports of common and rare Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) including: hyperprolactinemia, galactorrhea, weight gain/loss, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, switching phenomena, sudden death, and the potential increase of suicide. Outcomes research.
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