Matúš Bielik, Martin Selvek, Magda Suchánková, Ivana Shawkatová
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Respondents with a positive family history of CD showed 2.9-fold higher odds of CD compared to others (p < 0.001), and respondents with coexisting autoimmune diseases had 2.6-fold higher odds of CD (p < 0.001). Subjects who had taken antibiotics at least three times a year during childhood had 1.95-fold higher odds of developing CD compared to those who took them less frequently or not at all (p = 0.022). Conversely, individuals who were breastfed in infancy had lower odds of CD compared to non-breastfed respondents (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001). The mode of delivery (vaginal vs. caesarean section), overcoming severe infections, and the timing of gluten introduction in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect on the odds of developing CD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our data, being female, having a positive family history of CD, suffering from another autoimmune disease, and frequent use of antibiotics are factors associated with an increased chance of developing CD. On the other hand, breastfeeding in infancy seems to have a protective effect. Our findings highlight the importance of further research in understanding the complexities of this autoimmune condition and providing a foundation for prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9823,"journal":{"name":"Central European journal of public health","volume":"32 2","pages":"119-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A case-control epidemiological survey on potential risk factors for celiac disease.\",\"authors\":\"Matúš Bielik, Martin Selvek, Magda Suchánková, Ivana Shawkatová\",\"doi\":\"10.21101/cejph.a8010\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder caused by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The main goal of our case-control study was to analyse the association of environmental factors with the odds of CD development in a sample of the Slovak population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 1,226 respondents (534 CD patients and 692 controls) by a questionnaire. The impact of analysed parameters on the chance of disease development was assessed by multiple regression analysis and expressed as odds ratios (OR). Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the patient group, celiac disease was significantly more prevalent in women than in men (OR = 1.52, p = 0.010). Respondents with a positive family history of CD showed 2.9-fold higher odds of CD compared to others (p < 0.001), and respondents with coexisting autoimmune diseases had 2.6-fold higher odds of CD (p < 0.001). Subjects who had taken antibiotics at least three times a year during childhood had 1.95-fold higher odds of developing CD compared to those who took them less frequently or not at all (p = 0.022). Conversely, individuals who were breastfed in infancy had lower odds of CD compared to non-breastfed respondents (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001). The mode of delivery (vaginal vs. caesarean section), overcoming severe infections, and the timing of gluten introduction in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect on the odds of developing CD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our data, being female, having a positive family history of CD, suffering from another autoimmune disease, and frequent use of antibiotics are factors associated with an increased chance of developing CD. On the other hand, breastfeeding in infancy seems to have a protective effect. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：乳糜泻（CD）是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，由遗传和环境因素之间复杂的相互作用引起。我们的病例对照研究的主要目的是分析斯洛伐克人口样本中环境因素与乳糜泻发病几率的关系：方法：通过问卷调查收集了 1226 名受访者（534 名 CD 患者和 692 名对照者）的数据。分析参数对发病几率的影响通过多元回归分析进行评估，并以几率比（OR）表示。P<0.05为具有统计学意义：在患者群体中，女性乳糜泻发病率明显高于男性（OR = 1.52，P = 0.010）。有阳性乳糜泻家族史的受访者患乳糜泻的几率是其他人的2.9倍（p < 0.001），同时患有自身免疫性疾病的受访者患乳糜泻的几率是其他人的2.6倍（p < 0.001）。在儿童时期每年至少服用三次抗生素的受试者与服用次数较少或根本不服用抗生素的受试者相比，患 CD 的几率高出 1.95 倍（p = 0.022）。相反，与非母乳喂养者相比，婴儿期母乳喂养者患 CD 的几率较低（OR = 0.53，p < 0.001）。分娩方式（阴道分娩与剖腹产）、克服严重感染以及儿童时期开始食用麸质食品的时间在统计学上对患 CD 的几率没有显著影响：根据我们的数据，女性、有阳性 CD 家族史、患有其他自身免疫性疾病以及经常使用抗生素是增加 CD 患病几率的相关因素。另一方面，婴儿期母乳喂养似乎具有保护作用。我们的研究结果凸显了进一步研究的重要性，有助于了解这种自身免疫性疾病的复杂性，并为预防策略奠定基础。
A case-control epidemiological survey on potential risk factors for celiac disease.
Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder caused by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The main goal of our case-control study was to analyse the association of environmental factors with the odds of CD development in a sample of the Slovak population.
Methods: Data were collected from 1,226 respondents (534 CD patients and 692 controls) by a questionnaire. The impact of analysed parameters on the chance of disease development was assessed by multiple regression analysis and expressed as odds ratios (OR). Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: In the patient group, celiac disease was significantly more prevalent in women than in men (OR = 1.52, p = 0.010). Respondents with a positive family history of CD showed 2.9-fold higher odds of CD compared to others (p < 0.001), and respondents with coexisting autoimmune diseases had 2.6-fold higher odds of CD (p < 0.001). Subjects who had taken antibiotics at least three times a year during childhood had 1.95-fold higher odds of developing CD compared to those who took them less frequently or not at all (p = 0.022). Conversely, individuals who were breastfed in infancy had lower odds of CD compared to non-breastfed respondents (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001). The mode of delivery (vaginal vs. caesarean section), overcoming severe infections, and the timing of gluten introduction in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect on the odds of developing CD.
Conclusion: Based on our data, being female, having a positive family history of CD, suffering from another autoimmune disease, and frequent use of antibiotics are factors associated with an increased chance of developing CD. On the other hand, breastfeeding in infancy seems to have a protective effect. Our findings highlight the importance of further research in understanding the complexities of this autoimmune condition and providing a foundation for prevention strategies.
期刊介绍：
The Journal publishes original articles on disease prevention and health protection, environmental impacts on health, the role of nutrition in health promotion, results of population health studies and critiques of specific health issues including intervention measures such as vaccination and its effectiveness. The review articles are targeted at providing up-to-date information in the sphere of public health. The Journal is geographically targeted at the European region but will accept specialised articles from foreign sources that contribute to public health issues also applicable to the European cultural milieu.
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