太阳对地球夜面的影响

IF 5.3 2区 化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
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引用次数: 0

摘要

太阳辐射会破坏水分子之间的氢键,从而阻止水分子的自组织并破坏水簇。太阳风在高层大气中产生的μ介子可以解释这种现象。μ介子通量是各向异性的,会根据太阳在天空中的位置改变方向。因此,亚磷酸三乙酯在乙腈中的水解速率取决于反应溶液的几何形状、其在空间中的位置以及白天的变化。例如,在南北、东西和垂直方向的三个 5 毫米 NMR 管中,该反应的速率分布在白天总是不同的。正午,当太阳位于天顶时,水平管中的反应速率要高得多,而在日出和日落时分,当太阳沿东西线照射时,垂直管中的反应速率要高得多。人们可能会认为,在夜间,当太阳照射地球的另一侧时,这种现象应该消失,各个方向的反应速率应该相同。然而,事实证明,在午夜时分,多向核磁共振管中水解速率的分布与正午时相同。这可能表明,在地球的夜间,太阳的影响导致一些辐射从地下垂直出现。这一现象需要在地球的不同地方进行详细研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Influence of the Sun on the night side of the Earth

Influence of the Sun on the night side of the Earth

Solar radiation breaks hydrogen bonds between water molecules, which prevents their self-organization and destroys water clusters. This may be accounted for by the influence of muons which are generated in the upper atmosphere by the solar wind. Muon flux is anisotropic and changes direction depending on the position of the Sun in the sky. For this reason, the rate of hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite in acetonitrile depends on geometric shape of the reaction solution, its position in space and changes during the day. For example, in three 5 mm NMR-tubes directed North-South, East-West and Vertically the distributions of the rates of this reaction are always different in the daytime. At noon, when the Sun is at its zenith, the rates are considerably higher in the horizontal tubes, and at sunrise and sunset when the Sun shines along the East-West line the rate is higher in the vertical tube. One might assume that at night when the Sun irradiates the opposite side of the Earth, this phenomenon should disappear, and the reaction rates should be the same in all directions. However, it turned out that at midnight the distribution of hydrolysis rates in multidirectional NMR-tubes is the same as at noon. This may indicate that on the night side of the Earth the influence of the Sun is inducing the appearance of some radiation vertically from underground. This phenomenon requires detailed study in different places on the Earth.

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来源期刊
Journal of Molecular Liquids
Journal of Molecular Liquids 化学-物理:原子、分子和化学物理
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
2597
审稿时长
78 days
期刊介绍: The journal includes papers in the following areas: – Simple organic liquids and mixtures – Ionic liquids – Surfactant solutions (including micelles and vesicles) and liquid interfaces – Colloidal solutions and nanoparticles – Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals – Ferrofluids – Water, aqueous solutions and other hydrogen-bonded liquids – Lubricants, polymer solutions and melts – Molten metals and salts – Phase transitions and critical phenomena in liquids and confined fluids – Self assembly in complex liquids.– Biomolecules in solution The emphasis is on the molecular (or microscopic) understanding of particular liquids or liquid systems, especially concerning structure, dynamics and intermolecular forces. The experimental techniques used may include: – Conventional spectroscopy (mid-IR and far-IR, Raman, NMR, etc.) – Non-linear optics and time resolved spectroscopy (psec, fsec, asec, ISRS, etc.) – Light scattering (Rayleigh, Brillouin, PCS, etc.) – Dielectric relaxation – X-ray and neutron scattering and diffraction. Experimental studies, computer simulations (MD or MC) and analytical theory will be considered for publication; papers just reporting experimental results that do not contribute to the understanding of the fundamentals of molecular and ionic liquids will not be accepted. Only papers of a non-routine nature and advancing the field will be considered for publication.
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