量化牛群放牧对加利福尼亚州纳帕县和索诺玛县年度燃烧概率的大规模影响

IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Genoa I. Starrs, Katherine J. Siegel, Stephanie Larson, Van Butsic
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引用次数: 0

摘要

加利福尼亚州的野火对生命和财产的威胁日益严重。城市和郊区的发展向荒地的扩张限制了减少风险的选择,如规定焚烧,而大规模的机械和除草剂处理成本过高,公众也不喜欢。在加利福尼亚,放牧牛是一种风险低、经济实惠的处理方法,但并不经常被明确考虑用于减少燃料。为了研究放牧对加利福尼亚州纳帕县和索诺玛县火灾的影响,我们将其影响量化为年均燃烧概率的变化。使用混合效应回归模型,结合一系列放牧强度和范围,计算出了 2001-2017 年的概率。这些放牧方案分别代表了当前的放牧条件、未放牧条件、在高优先级景观中增加放牧以及在整个研究区域放牧。我们估计,在目前的放牧条件下,与未放牧条件相比,放牧牛群可将年平均燃烧概率降低 45%(从 9.9% 降至 5.4%)。在加州林业和消防局(CAL FIRE)确定的高优先级景观中增加放牧,与当前放牧条件相比,其年均燃烧概率降低了 82%(从 7.6% 降至 1.4%)。在评估的各种方案中,在其他牧场保持现有放牧范围和强度的同时,对优先级高的地块进行重度放牧,从每增加放牧面积降低燃烧概率的角度来看,是回报最好的方案。最后,我们展示了燃料管理者和规划者如何利用我们的方法来确定重点放牧区域。我们的研究结果表明,放牛可以降低整体燃烧概率,从而为研究区域带来益处,而且将放牛的使用范围扩大到野地与城市交界处及其周围的重点区域,可以进一步降低社区附近土地的火灾风险。土地管理者可能会发现,在景观尺度上,放牧牛群是一种有价值的长期燃料管理工具。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Quantifying large-scale impacts of cattle grazing on annual burn probability in Napa and Sonoma Counties, California

Wildfire in California is an increasing threat to life and property. The expansion of urban and suburban development into wildlands limits risk-reduction options like prescribed burning, whereas large-scale mechanical and herbicide treatments can be cost prohibitive and unpalatable to the public. Cattle grazing is a low risk, affordable treatment not frequently considered for use explicitly for fuels reduction in California. To examine the impact of cattle grazing on fire in Napa and Sonoma Counties, California, we quantified its effects as change in average annual burn probability. Probabilities were calculated for 2001–2017 using mixed-effect regression models in combination with a range of grazing intensities and extents. These grazing scenarios were designed to represent current grazing conditions, ungrazed conditions, adding grazing to high priority landscapes, and grazing the full study area. We estimated that under current grazing conditions, cattle grazing reduces average annual burn probability 45% (from 9.9% to 5.4%) compared to ungrazed conditions. Adding grazing to high priority landscapes as identified by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) decreased their average annual burn probability by 82% (from 7.6% to 1.4%) compared to under current grazing conditions. Of the scenarios assessed, grazing high priority landscapes heavily while maintaining the current extent and intensity of grazing on other rangelands provided the best return in terms of decreased burn probability per additional area grazed. Finally, we demonstrated how our methodologies can be utilized by fuel managers and planners to identify key areas for treatment with cattle grazing. Our findings suggest cattle grazing provides benefits to the study area by reducing overall burn probability, and that extending its use to treat fuels in priority areas in and around the wildland urban interface could provide further fire-risk reduction on community-adjacent lands. Land managers may find cattle grazing a valuable long term fuel-management tool at the landscape scale.

The post Quantifying large-scale impacts of cattle grazing on annual burn probability in Napa and Sonoma Counties, California first appeared on Ecology & Society.

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来源期刊
Ecology and Society
Ecology and Society 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
4.90%
发文量
109
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecology and Society is an electronic, peer-reviewed, multi-disciplinary journal devoted to the rapid dissemination of current research. Manuscript submission, peer review, and publication are all handled on the Internet. Software developed for the journal automates all clerical steps during peer review, facilitates a double-blind peer review process, and allows authors and editors to follow the progress of peer review on the Internet. As articles are accepted, they are published in an "Issue in Progress." At four month intervals the Issue-in-Progress is declared a New Issue, and subscribers receive the Table of Contents of the issue via email. Our turn-around time (submission to publication) averages around 350 days. We encourage publication of special features. Special features are comprised of a set of manuscripts that address a single theme, and include an introductory and summary manuscript. The individual contributions are published in regular issues, and the special feature manuscripts are linked through a table of contents and announced on the journal''s main page. The journal seeks papers that are novel, integrative and written in a way that is accessible to a wide audience that includes an array of disciplines from the natural sciences, social sciences, and the humanities concerned with the relationship between society and the life-supporting ecosystems on which human wellbeing ultimately depends.
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