适应而非采用:西非耕作制度变革案例研究

IF 6.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Anne Périnelle, Eric Scopel, Myriam Adam, Jean-Marc Meynard
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自上而下的方法,即科学家设计 "即用型 "一揽子方案,让农民照单全收,正受到越来越多的质疑。在现实中,农民往往并不只是采用他们感兴趣的新系统,而是根据自己的情况对建议的系统进行调整。然而,农学家们却很少鼓励这些调整,更没有将其作为研究重点。在这项研究中,我们设计并测试了一种基于集体和个人学习的新方法,以支持农民适应创新种植系统,并将这种方法应用于增加布基纳法索一个地区种植系统中的豆科植物种植。该方法以三个步骤为基础。首先,在每个村庄组织 "农民田间日 "集体交流,围绕原型试验比较农学家提出的不同豆科植物种植系统方案。其次,农民可以选择他们最感兴趣的耕作制度方案进行实施。第三,农民在专门的适应地块中逐步调整这一耕作制度。在两年的时间里,我们观察到在原型试验中展示的方案与在小区内进行的调整之间存在不同程度的调整和适应。我们将这些调整分为五类动态变化。我们发现:(i) 农民对耕作制度方案的适应程度不同,这取决于灵活性以及农民对耕作制度的了解程度;(ii) 农民的适应程度受到田间日讨论(同行讨论以及与农学家的讨论)的影响。因此,我们表明,关于原型试验的集体交流有助于支持农民通过逐步设计走上变革之路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Adaptation rather than adoption: a case study of cropping system change in West Africa

Adaptation rather than adoption: a case study of cropping system change in West Africa

The top-down approach, whereby scientists design “ready-to-use” packages to be adopted as they are by farmers, is being increasingly called into question. In reality, farmers often do not just adopt new systems that interest them, but adapt proposed systems to their own situation. Yet, these adaptations are seldom encouraged by agronomists and are even less so a focus of research. In this study, we designed and tested a new collective and individual learning-based approach to support farmers’ adaptation of innovative cropping systems, and applied this approach to increasing legume cultivation in cropping systems in a region of Burkina Faso where legumes have been neglected in favor of cotton. The approach is based on a sequence of three steps. First, collective exchanges during “farmers’ field days” were organized in each village around prototyping trials comparing different legume-based cropping system options proposed by agronomists. Second, farmers could choose the cropping system option that most interests them for implementation. Third, farmers progressively adapted this cropping system, in dedicated adaptation plots. Various degrees of adjustments and adaptations were observed between the options displayed in the prototyping trials and the adaptations made in the plots over a 2-year period. We classified these adaptations into five types of dynamics of change. We found that (i) farmers adapted the cropping system options differently depending on the flexibility as well as the farmer’s knowledge of the system, and (ii) the adaptations made by farmers were influenced by the discussions (both peer-to-peers and with the agronomists) that took place during field days. We thus show that collective exchanges on prototyping trials could contribute to support farmers embarking on a trajectory of change through step-by-step design.

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来源期刊
Agronomy for Sustainable Development
Agronomy for Sustainable Development 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
8.20%
发文量
108
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Agronomy for Sustainable Development (ASD) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of international scope, dedicated to publishing original research articles, review articles, and meta-analyses aimed at improving sustainability in agricultural and food systems. The journal serves as a bridge between agronomy, cropping, and farming system research and various other disciplines including ecology, genetics, economics, and social sciences. ASD encourages studies in agroecology, participatory research, and interdisciplinary approaches, with a focus on systems thinking applied at different scales from field to global levels. Research articles published in ASD should present significant scientific advancements compared to existing knowledge, within an international context. Review articles should critically evaluate emerging topics, and opinion papers may also be submitted as reviews. Meta-analysis articles should provide clear contributions to resolving widely debated scientific questions.
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