加拿大牙科保健的长期趋势。

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Paul Grootendorst, Hai Nguyen, Carlos Quiñonez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标:虽然常规牙科保健对口腔和整体健康至关重要,但在加拿大,获得此类保健的机会并不均衡。那些低收入或中等收入、没有工作场所牙科保险的人在获得牙科保健方面往往面临经济障碍。然而,影响获得牙科保健的因素--收入、雇主提供的医疗福利和公共牙科保健补贴计划--在过去几十年中已经发生了变化。本研究探讨了这些因素在过去 50 年间对加拿大不同群体获得牙科保健服务长期趋势的净影响:利用 1972 年至 2017 年间进行的 20 次加拿大横断面调查中 1 235 268 名受访者的数据,我们估算了在过去 12 个月中至少向牙科专业人士咨询过一次的人群比例。我们比较了不同地区、年龄组、教育程度和收入水平的流行趋势:结果:在过去的 50 年中,每个年龄组中每年至少向牙科专家咨询一次的人数比例都在逐渐增加。在 20 世纪 90 年代初的经济衰退期间,使用率出现了暂时性下降,尤其是在年轻群体中。我们注意到,在同一年龄段的人群中,使用率存在明显的地区差异:安大略省和不列颠哥伦比亚省的使用率最高,而魁北克省和大西洋省份的使用率最低。在过去的 50 年中,教育水平和收入水平在使用率方面一直存在明显差异。受教育程度越高、收入越高的人牙科保健使用率明显越高。牙科保健总体使用率的上升表明,越来越多的加拿大人收入较高或受教育程度较高,或两者兼而有之。尽管如此,在2015年,约有三分之一年龄≥15岁的加拿大人没有接受牙科保健:鉴于牙科保健几乎全部由私人资助,而且显示出与收入相关的高度不平等,因此迫切需要采取政策行动,解决加拿大牙科保健机会不平等的问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Long-Term Trends in Access to Dental Care in Canada.

Objectives: Although routine dental care is essential for both oral and overall health, in Canada, access to such care is uneven. Those with low or medium income and no workplace dental coverage often face financial barriers in accessing dental care. However, the factors that affect access - income, employer-provided health benefits and public dental care subsidy programs - have changed over the decades. This study examines the net impact of these factors on long-term trends in dental care access among different groups in Canada over the past 5 decades.

Methods: Using data from 1 235 268 respondents to 20 Canadian cross-sectional surveys administered between 1972 and 2017, we estimated the proportion of people who had at least 1 consult with a dental professional over the past 12 months. Prevalence trends by region, age group, education and income level were compared.

Results: In each age group, the proportion of people consulting a dental professional at least annually gradually increased over the last 5 decades. During the recession of the early 1990s, a temporary drop in use occurred, particularly among younger age groups. We noted significant regional differences in use among individuals in the same age group: rates were highest in Ontario and British Columbia and lowest in Quebec and the Atlantic provinces. Marked differences in use by level of education and income persisted over the 5 decades. Dental care use was significantly higher among those with higher levels of education and higher incomes. The increase in overall rates of dental care use suggest that an increasing fraction of Canadians have higher incomes or are better educated, or both. Nevertheless, about a third of Canadians ≥ 15 years did not receive dental care in 2015.

Conclusions: Given that dental care is almost wholly privately funded and displays a high degree of income-related inequity, there is an urgent need for policy action to address unequal access to dental care in Canada.

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来源期刊
Journal of the Canadian Dental Association
Journal of the Canadian Dental Association 医学-牙科与口腔外科
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: JCDA.ca (Journal of the Canadian Dental Association) is the flagship scholarly, peer-reviewed publication of CDA, providing dialogue between the national association and the dental community. It is dedicated to publishing worthy scientific and clinical articles and informing dentists of issues significant to the profession. CDA has focused its recent efforts on knowledge, advocacy and practice support initiatives and JCDA.ca is an essential part of CDA''s knowledge strategy.
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