Alessandra Zorz, Marco Andrea Rossato, Paolo Turco, Luca Maria Colombo Gomez, Andrea Bettinelli, Francesca De Monte, Marta Paiusco, Pietro Zucchetta, Diego Cecchin
{"title":"根据 NEMA NU 1-2018 标准对三维环形碲锌镉（CZT）StarGuide 系统进行性能评估。","authors":"Alessandra Zorz, Marco Andrea Rossato, Paolo Turco, Luca Maria Colombo Gomez, Andrea Bettinelli, Francesca De Monte, Marta Paiusco, Pietro Zucchetta, Diego Cecchin","doi":"10.1186/s40658-024-00671-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of semi-conductor detectors such as cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) in nuclear medicine improves extrinsic energy resolution and count sensitivity due to the direct conversion of gamma photons into electric signals. A 3D-ring pixelated CZT system named StarGuide was recently developed and implemented by GE HealthCare for SPECT acquisition. The system consists of 12 detector columns with seven modules of 16 × 16 CZT pixelated crystals, each with an integrated parallel-hole tungsten collimator. The axial coverage is 27.5 cm. The detector thickness is 7.25 mm, which allows acquisitions in the energy range [40-279] keV. Since there is currently no performance characterization specific to 3D-ring CZT SPECT systems, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 1-2018 clinical standard can be tailored to these cameras. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the SPECT/CT StarGuide system according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 clinical standard specifically adapted to characterize the new 3D-ring CZT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Due to the integrated collimator, the system geometry and the pixelated nature of the detector, some NEMA tests have been adapted to the features of the system. The extrinsic measured energy resolution was about 5-6% for the tested isotopes (<sup>99m</sup>Tc, <sup>123</sup>I and <sup>57</sup>Co); the maximum count rate was 760 kcps and the observed count rate at 20% loss was 917 kcps. The system spatial resolution in air extrapolated at 10 cm with <sup>99m</sup>Tc was 7.2 mm, while the SPECT spatial resolutions with scatter were 4.2, 3.7 and 3.6 mm in a central, radial and tangential direction respectively. Single head sensitivity value for <sup>99m</sup>Tc was 97 cps/MBq; with 12 detector columns, the system volumetric sensitivity reached 520 kcps MBq<sup>-1</sup> cc<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The performance tests of the StarGuide can be performed according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 standard with some adaptations. The system has shown promising results, particularly in terms of energy resolution, spatial resolution and volumetric sensitivity, potentially leading to higher quality clinical images.</p>","PeriodicalId":11559,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI Physics","volume":"11 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272762/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Performance evaluation of the 3D-ring cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) StarGuide system according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 standard.\",\"authors\":\"Alessandra Zorz, Marco Andrea Rossato, Paolo Turco, Luca Maria Colombo Gomez, Andrea Bettinelli, Francesca De Monte, Marta Paiusco, Pietro Zucchetta, Diego Cecchin\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s40658-024-00671-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of semi-conductor detectors such as cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) in nuclear medicine improves extrinsic energy resolution and count sensitivity due to the direct conversion of gamma photons into electric signals. A 3D-ring pixelated CZT system named StarGuide was recently developed and implemented by GE HealthCare for SPECT acquisition. The system consists of 12 detector columns with seven modules of 16 × 16 CZT pixelated crystals, each with an integrated parallel-hole tungsten collimator. The axial coverage is 27.5 cm. The detector thickness is 7.25 mm, which allows acquisitions in the energy range [40-279] keV. Since there is currently no performance characterization specific to 3D-ring CZT SPECT systems, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 1-2018 clinical standard can be tailored to these cameras. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the SPECT/CT StarGuide system according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 clinical standard specifically adapted to characterize the new 3D-ring CZT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Due to the integrated collimator, the system geometry and the pixelated nature of the detector, some NEMA tests have been adapted to the features of the system. The extrinsic measured energy resolution was about 5-6% for the tested isotopes (<sup>99m</sup>Tc, <sup>123</sup>I and <sup>57</sup>Co); the maximum count rate was 760 kcps and the observed count rate at 20% loss was 917 kcps. The system spatial resolution in air extrapolated at 10 cm with <sup>99m</sup>Tc was 7.2 mm, while the SPECT spatial resolutions with scatter were 4.2, 3.7 and 3.6 mm in a central, radial and tangential direction respectively. Single head sensitivity value for <sup>99m</sup>Tc was 97 cps/MBq; with 12 detector columns, the system volumetric sensitivity reached 520 kcps MBq<sup>-1</sup> cc<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The performance tests of the StarGuide can be performed according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 standard with some adaptations. The system has shown promising results, particularly in terms of energy resolution, spatial resolution and volumetric sensitivity, potentially leading to higher quality clinical images.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11559,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"EJNMMI Physics\",\"volume\":\"11 1\",\"pages\":\"69\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272762/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"EJNMMI Physics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40658-024-00671-x\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"EJNMMI Physics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40658-024-00671-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING","Score":null,"Total":0}
Performance evaluation of the 3D-ring cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) StarGuide system according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 standard.
Background: The application of semi-conductor detectors such as cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) in nuclear medicine improves extrinsic energy resolution and count sensitivity due to the direct conversion of gamma photons into electric signals. A 3D-ring pixelated CZT system named StarGuide was recently developed and implemented by GE HealthCare for SPECT acquisition. The system consists of 12 detector columns with seven modules of 16 × 16 CZT pixelated crystals, each with an integrated parallel-hole tungsten collimator. The axial coverage is 27.5 cm. The detector thickness is 7.25 mm, which allows acquisitions in the energy range [40-279] keV. Since there is currently no performance characterization specific to 3D-ring CZT SPECT systems, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 1-2018 clinical standard can be tailored to these cameras. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the SPECT/CT StarGuide system according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 clinical standard specifically adapted to characterize the new 3D-ring CZT.
Results: Due to the integrated collimator, the system geometry and the pixelated nature of the detector, some NEMA tests have been adapted to the features of the system. The extrinsic measured energy resolution was about 5-6% for the tested isotopes (99mTc, 123I and 57Co); the maximum count rate was 760 kcps and the observed count rate at 20% loss was 917 kcps. The system spatial resolution in air extrapolated at 10 cm with 99mTc was 7.2 mm, while the SPECT spatial resolutions with scatter were 4.2, 3.7 and 3.6 mm in a central, radial and tangential direction respectively. Single head sensitivity value for 99mTc was 97 cps/MBq; with 12 detector columns, the system volumetric sensitivity reached 520 kcps MBq-1 cc-1.
Conclusions: The performance tests of the StarGuide can be performed according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 standard with some adaptations. The system has shown promising results, particularly in terms of energy resolution, spatial resolution and volumetric sensitivity, potentially leading to higher quality clinical images.
期刊介绍：
EJNMMI Physics is an international platform for scientists, users and adopters of nuclear medicine with a particular interest in physics matters. As a companion journal to the European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, this journal has a multi-disciplinary approach and welcomes original materials and studies with a focus on applied physics and mathematics as well as imaging systems engineering and prototyping in nuclear medicine. This includes physics-driven approaches or algorithms supported by physics that foster early clinical adoption of nuclear medicine imaging and therapy.
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