Congestion aware clustered WSN based on an improved ant colony algorithm

Conventional works carried out in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) mostly focussed on energy oriented services and very less significant measures given to delay oriented and congestion aware services. Hence the proposed mechanism specially focuses on network structural design by placing rendezvous location for each cluster as well as route segmentation for controlling the congestion occurrence and unwanted delay. Here Congestion Aware Clustering with Improved Ant Colony Algorithm (CAC_IACA) is proposed. This mechanism involves two steps (i) identifying the best route by following the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm and (ii) data segmentation using rendezvous mobile nodes. The Rendezvous nodes are present in each cluster to reduce the congestion rate on receiver side during data transmission. This proposed methodology mainly concentrates on reducing coverage cost for 3D environmental monitoring. Simulation results are analysed and the efficiency of the proposed scheme proves 26.54 % better than the conventional method.