[Rehabilitation Recommendations According to § 31 SGB XI: Empiricism, Discussion and Health Policy Implications].

Background: The principle of "rehabilitation before care" is a principle of social law. The recommendation of the Medical Service (MD) as part of the assessment (§ 31 SGB XI) plays an important role in rehabilitation recommendations. In around 3% of its assessments, the MD recommends implementation of rehabilitation. Only every fourth to fifth recommendation is actually carried out. The aim of the study was to find out if rehabilitation recommendations are utilized and exploited.

Materials and methods: This study aimed to examine the perspective of insured persons whose recommended rehabilitation was actually carried out. After evaluating 586,228 routine data records with care assessments by the MD, 1,972 survey questionnaires were sent out in March 2023, and 1,116 analyzable questionnaires were included in the data analysis. In seven questions, the respondents were asked to retrospectively assess the overall success and satisfaction with rehabilitation procedures carried out.

Results: The evaluation of the results showed that 87% of the study participants would be ready to undergo repeat rehabilitation. The assessment of the success of rehabilitation in terms of remaining at home for a longer period of time also carried weight. On the other hand, only around 10% of rehabilitation was carried out on an outpatient basis.

Conclusions: One previously assumed reason for the low rate of patients taking advantage of recommended rehabilitation was that those in need of care had already received rehabilitation in the previous year. In this study focussing on whether recommended rehabilitation is taken advantage of, this assumption was found not to be correct. The question needs to be raised whether the strong focus in Germany on inpatient rehabilitation is up-to-date, both medically and with regard to the preferences of those entitled to rehabilitation. In contrast to inpatient rehabilitation, individual, outpatient and, if necessary, mobile rehabilitation offers might be more suitable, and these would also take into consideration issues of individual mobility and patient autonomy. The offer of different modes of rehabilitation also enables meeting the wish of those patients who prefer to have rehabilitation carried out in a home environment.