哈萨克斯坦大学毕业生就业因素分析

Aigerim Sekerbayeva, S. Tamenova, Bulent Tarman, D. Razakova, Z. Satpayeva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与未接受过高等教育的人相比,拥有大学学位仅具有微弱的优势,因此其他因素对决定毕业生的就业前景至关重要。本研究旨在分析影响大学毕业生就业的因素,并确定哈萨克斯坦公共行政和大学管理的机会。研究采用了基于原始数据的逻辑回归模型,以检验实践经验和专业工作岗位的可获得性、社会关系、技术发展和创业精神对就业可能性的影响。调查于 2022 年进行,涉及来自哈萨克斯坦各地区的 300 名 2020-2021 学年毕业生。调查结果显示,人脉关系(F3)和技术与创业精神(F4)对毕业生的就业前景有积极影响。然而,缺乏经验(F1)和工作机会有限(F2)降低了就业可能性。如果毕业生对 F1 的回答为 3 分,对 F2 的回答为 7 分,对 F3 的回答为 7 分,对 F4 的回答为 1 分,那么他们在毕业一年内找到本专业工作的可能性就会降低。这项研究的主要实用价值在于,大学就业中心可以利用这一模型来预测毕业生就业的可能性。提供先进的在线平台和不同的分析驱动的就业服务,开放劳动力市场的管理数据,以及针对学生就业经验和创业的新项目,将为大学毕业生适应动态的劳动力市场做好准备,并减少教育与就业需求之间的不匹配。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of employment factors for university graduates in Kazakhstan
Having a university degree provides only a slight advantage over those without higher education, making other factors crucial in determining a graduate’s employment prospects. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the employment of university graduates and define opportunities for public administration and university management in Kazakhstan. A logistic regression model based on primary data was used to examine the impact of the availability of practical experience and jobs in their specialty, social connections, technology development, and entrepreneurship on the likelihood of employment. The survey was conducted in 2022 and involved 300 graduates of the 2020–2021 academic year from all regions of Kazakhstan. Findings show that personal connections (F3) and technology and entrepreneurship (F4) positively impact graduates’ job prospects. However, lack of experience (F1) and the limited number of job offers (F2) reduce employment likelihood. If a graduate responds with 3 points for F1, 7 for F2, 7 for F3, and 1 for F4, they are less likely to secure a job in their specialty within a year of graduation. The main practical value of this study is that university career centers can use this model to predict the likelihood of graduates being employed. Providing a sophisticated online platform and different analytics-driven career services, open access to administrative data on the labor market, and new programs for students’ job experience and entrepreneurship will prepare university graduates for a dynamic labor market and reduce the mismatch between education and employment needs.
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