帕拉瓦尼湖档案--对小高加索(格鲁吉亚)第四纪晚期地貌演变的贡献

IF 2.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Boreas Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1111/bor.12669
Daniel Gademann, Nino Ustiashvili, Luka Adikashvili, Levan Navrozashvili, Nathaniel Erb-Satullo, W. Marijn van der Meij, Giorgi Kirkitadze, Tiiu Koff, Mikheil Elashvili, Helmut Brückner, Hannes Laermanns
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引用次数: 0

摘要

帕拉瓦尼湖位于小高加索中部海拔 2073 米的贾瓦赫季火山高原上,是这一偏远地区进行古环境重建的独特地质生物档案库。基于该湖西南部的沉积岩芯,我们将现有的古生物学和沉积学记录扩展到了末次冰川极盛时期(LGM)之后。我们首次有可能重建小高加索这一地区的古环境,并将其上溯至公元前约 28 千年。我们的研究表明,在公元前 16 千年之前,该地区的冰川条件一直占主导地位(第一阶段);不过,有证据表明,该湖泊在新元古代就已经存在。在从公元前 16 千年到公元前 6 千年的第二过渡阶段,该地区寒冷干旱,草原植被稀少,湖泊水位下降。大约公元前 10 千年,树木花粉开始增多,而草本花粉,尤其是藜科植物的花粉则减少了。在第三阶段,自公元前 6 千卡以来,混交林可能代表了全新世的最佳气候。湖泊水位的波动表明了气候条件的变化。第二期最上部的树木花粉的细微变化可能是人类活动的迹象。公元前 4.5-2 千卡左右更加潮湿、植被丰富的环境和温和的气候与该地区青铜时代晚期聚落的扩展(公元前约 3.5 千卡/公元前约 1.5 千卡)相关。高原上遗址的大量出现,以及可能属于同一时期的更高海拔遗址的出现,可能表明气候的改善对人类更持久的居住起到了重要作用。研究结果将帕拉瓦尼湖的记录延伸到了距今几千年之后,并补充了更广泛地区的古湖泊重建,例如在凡湖(土耳其)或塞凡湖(亚美尼亚)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The Lake Paravani archive – a contribution to the late Quaternary landscape evolution of the Lesser Caucasus (Georgia)

The Lake Paravani archive – a contribution to the late Quaternary landscape evolution of the Lesser Caucasus (Georgia)

Lake Paravani, located on the volcanic Javakheti Plateau in the central part of the Lesser Caucasus at 2073 m a.s.l., forms a unique geo-bio-archive for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions in this remote region. Based on sediment cores from the southwestern part of the lake we expand the existing palynological and sedimentological records beyond the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). For the first time, it is possible to reconstruct the palaeoenvironment in this part of the Lesser Caucasus back to c. 28 cal. ka BP. Our study shows that until 16 cal. ka BP glacial conditions dominated (Phase I) in the region; there is, however, proof that the lake already existed during the LGM. In the following transitional Phase II from 16 until 6 cal. ka BP, cold and arid conditions with sparse steppe vegetation and a lowered lake level prevailed. Around 10 cal. ka BP, tree pollen started to expand while herbaceous pollen, especially Chenopodiaceae, declined. In Phase III, since 6 cal. ka BP, mixed forest probably represented the Holocene climatic optimum. Fluctuating lake levels indicate shifting climatic conditions. The minor changes of arboreal pollen hin the uppermost part of Phase II may be an indication of human activity. The more humid, vegetation-rich environment and mild climate around 4.5–2 cal. ka BP correlate with the expansion of the Late Bronze Age settlements in this area (from ~3.5 cal. ka BP/~1.5 ka BC). The proliferation of sites on the plateau, along with even higher-altitude sites possibly dating to the same period, may indicate that this climate amelioration played an important role in enabling more sustained human occupation. The results extend the record on Lake Paravani by several millennia beyond the LGM and complement the palaeo-lake reconstructions of the wider region, e.g. at Lake Van (Türkiye) or Lake Sevan (Armenia).

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来源期刊
Boreas
Boreas 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
36
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Boreas has been published since 1972. Articles of wide international interest from all branches of Quaternary research are published. Biological as well as non-biological aspects of the Quaternary environment, in both glaciated and non-glaciated areas, are dealt with: Climate, shore displacement, glacial features, landforms, sediments, organisms and their habitat, and stratigraphical and chronological relationships. Anticipated international interest, at least within a continent or a considerable part of it, is a main criterion for the acceptance of papers. Besides articles, short items like discussion contributions and book reviews are published.
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