烟草消费对俄罗斯联邦个人和人口非传染性疾病风险的影响

O. Salagay, N. S. Antonov, G. M. Sakharova, N. M. Stadnik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

该研究旨在评估俄罗斯联邦成年人口中 20 种非传染性疾病(NCD)的个人和人群风险。研究使用了俄罗斯国家统计局于 2023 年开展的人口健康状况选择性监测数据库。为估算烟草消费与非传染性疾病的关系,对两组人群进行了分析:目前的烟草使用者和从未使用过烟草的人群。对烟草使用率和尼古丁依赖性进行了计算。使用个体相对风险 (RR)、年龄调整 RR (RRv) 和尼古丁依赖调整 RR (RRn) 评估烟草消费与疾病发生之间的关系。烟草消费对公共卫生的影响采用人群归因风险进行评估。2023 年成年人的烟草/尼古丁消费流行率为 21.3%,其中男性为 35.0%,女性为 10.2%。中度及以上尼古丁依赖者占成年总人口的 16.7%,其中男性占 28.9%,女性占 6.9%。在评估 RRv 时,烟草仅被确定为 5 种疾病的风险因素。RRn评估显示,有13种疾病的烟草风险因素具有剂量依赖性。在大多数疾病中,女性的 RR 均高于男性。烟草是大多数非传染性疾病的强风险因素。在2013年的人口中,至少有3-11%的非传染性疾病新增病例与烟草有关,而这些病例是可以通过解决烟草消费问题来预防的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The impact of tobacco consumption on the individual and population risk of non-communicable diseases in the Russian Federation
The aim of the study was to assess the individual and population risks of 20 non-communicable diseases (NCD) among the adult population of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The study used a database of Selective monitoring of the health status of the population conducted by Rosstat in 2023. To estimate the association of tobacco consumption with NCD, two groups were analyzed: current tobacco users and people who have never used tobacco. The prevalence of tobacco use and nicotine dependence were calculated. The relationship between tobacco consumption and development of disease was assessed using individual relative risk (RR), as well as age-adjusted RR (RRv) and nicotine dependence-adjusted RR (RRn). The impact of tobacco consumption on public health was assessed using population attributive risk.Results. The prevalence of tobacco/nicotine consumption in 2023 was 21.3% among the adults, 35.0% among men and 10.2% among women. Nicotine dependence of moderate and higher degree was detected in 16.7% of the total adult population, 28.9% of men and 6.9% of women. When assessing RRv, tobacco was identified as a risk factor for only five diseases. RRn assessment revealed 13 diseases for which tobacco was a risk factor with a dose-dependent effect. For most of these diseases, RR in women was higher than in men.Conclusion. Tobacco is a strong risk factor for the most of NCD. In the population in 2013, at least 3–11% of additional cases of NCD was associated with tobacco that could be prevented by tackle of the tobacco consumption.
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