大肠埃希氏菌外毒素引起的实验性埃希氏菌感染的组织病理学变化

Aleksandr Tischenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大肠杆菌感染是畜牧业面临的一个紧迫问题。大肠埃希氏菌的致病变种具有多种毒力因子,进入人体后可导致各种器官系统(包括胃肠道以外的器官系统)出现并发症和致病性疾病。组织病理学研究有助于更好地了解各种形式的大肠埃希菌感染的发病机制、宿主反应和组织水平上的相互作用,并有助于制定预防和治疗策略。本研究的目的是研究致病性大肠埃希菌的外代谢产物对家兔内脏器官和系统组织学图像的影响。研究材料是病原性大肠杆菌分离物及其外代谢物混合物。研究采用了分子遗传学、细菌学、血清学、生物学和组织病理学研究方法。结果,确定了与产生志贺样、热稳定和热致死外毒素的致病性大肠杆菌毒性感染有关的特征性组织学征象。结果显示,小肠和结肠远端微绒毛遭到破坏,肾脏出现血栓性微血管病变,包括内皮水肿、肾小球毛细血管血栓形成、纤维蛋白沉积、系膜溶解和肾小管上皮损伤。在中枢神经系统中,观察到血管周围狭窄、脑膜发炎、神经元坏死和胶质细胞病变。病理组织学效应还表现为中毒性肝萎缩和肺气肿。因此,组织学损伤的特定模式表明了不同病理类型的大肠埃希氏菌之间的相互作用机制,这可能有助于改进治疗和预防毒性埃希氏菌病的策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTAL ESCHERICHIA INFECTION CAUSED BY ESCHERICHIA COLI EXOTOXINS
Escherichia infection is a pressing problem for livestock farming. Pathogenic variants of Escherichia coli, having a wide range of virulence factors, when entering the body, can lead to complications and da-mage to various organ systems, including those outside the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological studies contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis, host responses and interactions at the tissue level in various forms of Escherichia infection, as well as the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. The purpose of research is to study the effect of exometabolites of pathogenic Escherichia coli on the histological picture of internal organs and systems in rabbits. The material for the study was pathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli and a mixture of their exometabolites. The work used molecular-genetic, bacteriological, serological, biological and histopathological research methods. As a result, characteristic histological signs associated with toxic infections of pathogenic Escherichia coli producing Shiga-like, heat-stable and heat-labile exotoxins were established. Destruction of microvilli in the distal small intestine and colon, thrombotic microangiopathy in the kidneys, which included endothelial edema, thrombosis in the glomerular capillaries, fibrin deposition, mesangiolysis and damage to the tubular epithelium were revealed. From the central nervous system, perivascular narrowing, inflammation of the meninges, neuronal necrosis and gliosis were observed. Pathohistological effects in the form of toxic liver dystrophy and pulmonary emphysema were also noted. Thus, specific patterns of histological tissue damage indicate mechanisms of interaction between different pathotypes of Escherichia coli, which may help improve strategies for the treatment and prevention of toxigenic escherichiosis.
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