糖尿病控制不佳的儿童和青少年的龋齿:病例对照研究

Shahd ElBshari, Imrana Afrooz, Rasha Hassan Beck, Rama Watad, Nabras Al-Qahtani, Asma Deeb
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引用次数: 0

摘要

糖尿病与龋齿之间的关系仍不确定。本研究的主要目的是量化患有和未患有糖尿病的儿童和青少年的龋齿情况,以研究糖尿病控制不佳是否会影响龋齿的患病率和严重程度。这是一项病例对照研究,研究对象是2022年8月在阿联酋阿布扎比谢赫-沙赫布特医疗城儿科诊所就诊的糖尿病控制不佳的儿童和青少年以及年龄匹配的对照组。龋齿通过肉眼检查和牙齿探查进行诊断,得出龋坏、缺失和填充牙齿或表面总数(DMFT/DMFS)指数。糖尿病患者与对照组之间的龋齿指标差异采用卡方检验或曼-惠特尼 U 检验进行评估。共招募了 57 名未患糖尿病的儿童和青少年以及 42 名糖尿病控制不佳(HbA1c ≥ 7.5)的儿童和青少年。DMFT指数的中位数(四分位数间距,IQR)为4(5),DMFS指数为4(11)。患者和对照组之间的 DMFT % [14.0 (21.5) vs. 13.0 (20.0); p = 0.602]、DMFT 指数 [4 (5) vs. 3 (6); p = 0.749]和 DMFS 指数 [5 (12) vs. 4 (11); p = 0.484]均无明显差异。糖尿病要么对龋齿风险没有影响,要么影响很小,以至于被饮食和肥胖等主要风险因素所掩盖,需要通过强有力的公共卫生措施加以解决。虽然血糖控制不佳似乎不会影响龋齿风险,但饮食和肥胖仍然是影响口腔健康的严重且可解决的风险因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dental caries in children and adolescents with poorly-controlled diabetes: a case-control study
The relationship between diabetes and dental caries remains uncertain. The main objective of this study was to quantify dental caries in children and adolescents with and without poorly-controlled diabetes to examine whether poorly-controlled diabetes influences caries prevalence and severity. This was a case-control study of children and adolescents with poorly-controlled diabetes and age-matched controls attending paediatric clinics at Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE in August 2022. Dental caries was diagnosed by visual examination and dental probing to derive total number of decayed, missing, and filled tooth or surface (DMFT/DMFS) indices. Differences in caries metrics between subjects with diabetes and controls were assessed using chi-squared or Mann Whitney U-tests. Fifty-seven children and adolescents without diabetes and 42 with poorly-controlled (HbA1c ≥ 7.5) diabetes were recruited. The median (interquartile range, IQR) DMFT index was 4 (5) and the DMFS index was 4 (11). There were no significant differences in DMFT % [14.0 (21.5) vs.13.0 (20.0); p = 0.602], DMFT index [4 (5) vs. 3 (6); p = 0.749], nor DMFS index [5 (12) vs. 4 (11); p = 0.484] between patients and controls. Diabetes either has no effect on caries risk or its effect is so small that it is masked by dominant risk factors such as diet and obesity that require addressing through robust public health measures. While poor glycaemic control does not appear to influence caries risk, diet and obesity remain serious and addressable risk factors affecting oral health.
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