褐藻超临界提取物的抗氧化特性

O. Tabakaeva, A. Tabakaev, V. E. Silant’ev, S. V. Kapusta
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摘要

大型褐藻是一种独特的原料,能够在相当短的时间内产生大量生物质,并合成各种化合物,包括具有不同生物活性的特定生物活性物质。研究褐藻生物活性物质的抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎等特性是一个相关问题。 本研究旨在评估褐藻蔗糖和点头藻超临界萃取物的抗氧化特性。 采用分光光度法测定类胡萝卜素、酚类化合物和甘露醇的含量。金属含量采用原子吸收光谱法进行分析。根据 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼自由基的抗自由基活性、羟基离子结合活性、Fe+2 螯合活性以及超氧自由基清除活性对抗氧化活性进行了评估。对褐藻超临界萃取物的研究表明,脂肪酸和酚类化合物的含量相当高,其中以节叶藻类的超临界萃取物中脂肪酸含量最高;酚类、甘露醇和色素在日本蔗糖藻类的萃取物中含量最高。褐藻超临界萃取物中最主要的宏量元素是钾,在蔗糖藻萃取物中含量最高。从亚硝胺、多氯联苯、有毒元素和放射性核素的含量来看,褐藻的超临界萃取物是安全的。褐藻的超临界萃取物具有最明显的抗自由基特性。蔗糖超临界萃取物的羟基离子结合活性最高。在清除超氧自由基的活性方面,点头藻提取物的活性最高。褐藻超临界萃取物的 Fe+2 螯合活性大致相同,其中点头藻萃取物的活性最高(38.7%)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Antioxidant properties of supercritical extracts of brown algae
   Macroalgae is a unique feedstock capable of producing significant biomass in a fairly short time and synthesizing various chemical compounds, including specific biologically active substances that exhibit different biological activity. The study of antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and other properties of the biologically active substances of brown algae constitutes a relevant problem.   The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant properties of supercritical extracts of the brown algae Saccharina japonica and Ascophyllum nodosum.   The content of carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and mannitol was determined using a spectrophotometric method. The metal content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. The antioxidant activity was evaluated according to antiradical activity using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, hydroxyl ion binding activity, and Fe+2 chelating activity, as well as the superoxide radical scavenging activity. The studies on the supercritical extracts of brown algae revealed a rather high content of fatty acids and phenolic compounds, with fatty acids most abundantly present in the supercritical extract of Ascophyllum nodosum; phenols, mannitol, and pigments, in the extract of Saccharina japonica. The predominant macroelement in the supercritical extracts of brown algae is potassium, with the maximum content found in the extract of Saccharina japonica. The supercritical extracts of brown algae are safe in terms of the contents of nitrosamines, polychlorinated biphenyls, toxic elements, and radionuclides. The most pronounced antiradical properties were shown by the supercritical extract of Saccharina japonica. The highest hydroxyl ion binding activity was noted in the supercritical extract of Saccharina japonica. In terms of superoxide radical scavenging activity, the maximum activity was exhibited by the extract of Ascophyllum nodosum. The Fe+2 chelating activity was about the same for the supercritical extracts of brown algae, with the maximum activity (38.7 %) observed for the extract of Ascophyllum nodosum.
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