Qualitative indicators of spring wheat varieties in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

The objectives of the research are to study the reliability criterion of spring wheat varieties in terms of yield, weight of 1000 grains, resistance to lodging, duration of the growing season and technological parameters protein and gluten content. One-sided selection aimed at increasing productivity reduces the adaptability of varieties. In this regard, there is a need for economic and biological assessment of varieties, which will allow the adaptability of spring wheat to be fully realized in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The location of the study is the Uyarsky GSU, located in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Qualitative analysis was carried out in the zonal Krasnoyarsk chemical-technological laboratory for variety testing of agricultural crops in 2019–2021. Objects of study: 21 varieties of spring wheat, incl. 19 varieties of spring soft wheat of different ripeness groups and 2 varieties of spring durum wheat. In terms of yield, the best results (more than 7.0 t/ha) were obtained from the bread wheat varieties Extra (early ripening); Novosibirskaya 41 (mid-early); Gonets, Omskaya 44, Kuraginskaya 2, Predgornaya (mid-season); Leader 80, Union (mid-late); as well as in Omsk steppe durum wheat. Data processing according to the method proposed by D.A. Saprygin, made it possible to carry out a comprehensive analysis of spring wheat varieties using yield, weight of 1000 grains, resistance to lodging, duration of the growing season, protein and gluten content in the grain. Based on the results of this analysis, we can say that the reliability criterion (Kn) is the highest for the bread wheat varieties Novosibirskaya 15, Novosibirskaya 16 (early ripening), Novosibirskaya 31, Novosibirskaya 41, Pamyati Vavenkova (mid-early), Gonets, Omskaya 44 (mid-ripening), Leader 80 , Belukha, Union (mid-late varieties) (soft wheat), as well as durum wheat Omsk steppe.