Multifocal character of lesions in gunshot open globe injury type B in experiment

BACKGROUND: An increase was noted in the number of gunshot eyeball injuries, which are accompanied by low functional outcomes. Reproduction and experimental study of this type of eye injury would help improving the functional and cosmetic treatment results in patients. AIM: The aim of the study is to investigate gunshot open globe injury type B (penetrating wound without intraocular foreign body) on a standardized experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A complete investigation of the standardized model of gunshot open globe injury type B (penetrating wound without intraocular foreign body) simulated on the ballistic test facility was carried out. The experiment was accomplished at the ophthalmology chair on 36 rabbits (71 eyes). The injury was inflicted in the projection of the ciliary body — zone II (Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology). The examination in the control period included ophthalmologic (ophthalmoscopy, full field electroretinography, optical coherence tomography), biochemical (testing of vitreous fibronectin level), histological and radiological (magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound examination) methods. Statistical non-parametric methods of data analysis were used. RESULTS: The analysis of gunshot open globe injury type B model demonstrated the rate and multiple foci of abnormalities practically of all eyeball structures. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time ever, the characteristics of gunshot open globe injury type B model were studied using a new complex of methods, their high reproducibility (91.5–100%) was demonstrated. Based on recorded abnormalities in all ocular structures, including proliferative vitreoretinopathy, the multifocal character of damage in this type of injury is validated.