Study of Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in the Reference Health Center of Commune VI of the Bamako District

Introduction: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia of variable degree resulting from a defect in insulin secretion and/or its action. Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes, which in the early stage is characterized by a slight increase in urinary albumin excretion. Objective: To study micro albuminuria in type 2 diabetics in the diabetology-endocrinology unit of the Reference Health Center of Commune VI of Bamako. Methodology: We carried out a retrospective and prospective analytical study for one year from November 2021 to October 2022. This study described the sociodemographic and clinical variables. It focused on the prevalence of micro albuminuria in diabetics apart from urinary infection in the diabetology-endocrinology service unit of the Reference Health Center of Commune VI of Bamako. All type 2 diabetic patients with micro albuminuria less than 300 mg/24 hours apart from any urinary infection with or without hypertension were included in this study. Result: During the study period, 100 type 2 diabetic patients, whether hypertensive or not, were recruited, among whom 38 presented micro albuminuria with a hospital frequency of 38%. The sex ratio was 0.61, the average age was 56.79 years with extremes of 40 and 79 years. In our study, 40% of patients were overweight, more than half were at the stage of diabetic nephropathy. HyperLDLdemia was (17%). Hypertension was the most common associated risk factor and affected 55% of patients. Smoking was present in 20%. Retinopathy was present in 18%. Neurological complications represent 67%. Cardiomyopathy was the most represented cardiovascular complication with 17%. Conclusion: Micro albuminuria can appear at any age of development of diabetes. Whether or not it is associated with other risk factors remains decisive; it is the first paraclinical sign of diabetic nephropathy.