历史建筑综合管理智能监控系统

Gabriela Wojciechowska, Łukasz Jan Bednarz, Noëlla Dolińska, Piotr Opałka, Michał Krupa, Nino Imnadze
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究展示了采用多种方法修复波兰一座历史建筑(火车站)的有效性。该项目采用实地调查、实验室分析和近距离摄影测量来创建历史建筑信息模型(HBIM)。这一全面的数据集为制定有针对性的保护策略提供了依据,在尊重其历史意义的同时满足了火车站的特殊需求。干预措施优先考虑使用当地采购的可持续材料,最大限度地减少对外部的视觉影响,并通过改进建筑围护结构和改用热泵供热系统实现净零排放。此外,还采用了智能监控系统,持续收集有关环境条件和结构位移的数据。这些数据将用于开发未来维护需求的预测模型,从而采用预防性方法进行保护,最大限度地减少资源消耗。总体而言,该项目是将先进技术融入历史建筑保护、促进可持续发展实践以及确保不可替代的文化地标长寿的典范。该方法的主要成果包括对车站状况的全面评估、优化的保护策略、HBIM 建模的启示以及智能监测系统的持续效益。实地调查揭示了几个值得关注的方面,如结构裂缝、材料老化、湿气渗透以及建筑围护结构的大量热损失。这些信息对于制定有针对性的保护战略至关重要。使用内部隔热系统,特别是毛细管活性矿物砌块,极大地改善了隔热性能。湿度管理措施,包括修复雨水排放系统和使用防潮隔热材料,减少了对市政供水的依赖。智能监控系统配备了测量温度、湿度和结构位移的传感器,在持续的保护工作中发挥着至关重要的作用。该系统可进行持续监测并开发预测模型,确保有针对性地进行预防性维护,减少资源消耗,延长建筑物的使用寿命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Intelligent Monitoring System for Integrated Management of Historical Buildings
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a multi-method approach for the restoration of a historic building (train station) in Poland. The project employed field investigations, laboratory analyses, and close-range photogrammetry to create a Historic Building Information Model (HBIM). This comprehensive data set informed the development of targeted conservation strategies that addressed the station’s specific needs while respecting its historical significance. Interventions prioritized the use of locally sourced and sustainable materials, minimized the visual impact on the exterior, and achieved net-zero emissions through improvements to the building envelope and a switch to a heat pump heating system. Additionally, an intelligent monitoring system was implemented to continuously collect data on environmental conditions and structural displacement. These data will be used to develop a predictive model for future maintenance needs, allowing for a preventative approach to conservation and minimizing resource consumption. Overall, this project serves as a model for integrating advanced technologies in historical building conservation, promoting sustainable practices, and ensuring the longevity of irreplaceable cultural landmarks. The key findings derived from this approach encompass a comprehensive assessment of the station’s condition, optimized conservation strategies, insights from HBIM modeling, and the ongoing benefits of the intelligent monitoring system. Field investigations revealed several areas of concern, such as structural cracks, material deterioration, moisture infiltration, and significant heat loss through the building envelope. This information was crucial for developing targeted conservation strategies. The use of internal thermal insulation systems, particularly capillary active mineral blocks, significantly improved thermal performance. Moisture management interventions, including the restoration of the rainwater drainage system and the application of moisture-proof insulation, reduced reliance on the municipal water supply. The intelligent monitoring system, with sensors measuring temperature, humidity, and structural displacement, plays a crucial role in ongoing conservation efforts. This system allows for continuous monitoring and the development of predictive models, ensuring targeted and preventative maintenance, reducing resource consumption, and extending the lifespan of the building.
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