消除感染期间俄罗斯联邦居民对风疹的免疫状况

L. Barkinkhoeva, N. T. Turaeva, O. V. Tsvirkun, A. Gerasimova
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摘要

相关性。对人群对风疹病毒的免疫状态进行血清学监测是对该传染病进行流行病学监测的关键要素之一,通过该监测可评估疫苗预防的有效性,包括人群对该传染病的保护水平。本文根据各地区中心的报告数据和现有统计模型,对俄罗斯 2015 年至 2022 年期间接种过该传染病疫苗的个体的这一事件结果进行了全面分析。目的是综合分析 2015 年至 2022 年期间俄罗斯联邦人口风疹病毒免疫指标组血清学监测数据,同时考虑到免疫策略的发生率和特殊性。材料和方法。血清学监测采用标准化测试系统和技术,确保整个研究期间(2015-2022 年)数据的可比性。在 3-4 岁、9-10 岁、15-17 岁、25-29 岁、30-35 岁年龄组中,根据接种疫苗事实的证明文件选择了接受检查的人群。只对 40 岁及以上的人进行了检查,而不考虑疫苗接种史。研究证实,在全国大多数年龄组和地区,对风疹病毒的免疫力都达到了充分、稳定的水平,这表明疫苗接种的有效性和感染消除过程的持续性(稳定性)。分析显示,与其他群体相比,30-35 岁和 40 岁及以上成年人中血清反应阴性者的平均比例略有上升,这需要进一步观察并查明原因。结论研究证实,俄罗斯联邦居民对风疹病毒的免疫力很高,这表明目前的风疹感染疫苗接种计划和消除感染计划是有效的。不过,也发现了免疫水平略有下降的人口群体,这需要卫生当局给予更多关注,以保持国家稳定的风疹消除状态。研究结果将作为国家和地区战略的补充,以保持消除风疹的状态。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The State of Immunity of the Population of the Russian Federation to Rubella during the Elimination of Infection
Relevance. Serological monitoring of the state of the population's immunity to the rubella virus is one of the key elements of epidemiological surveillance of the infection, which makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of vaccine prevention, including the level of protection of the population from this infection. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the results of this event in Russia for the period from 2015 to 2022 in individuals vaccinated against this infection, based on data from reports from regional centers and existing statistical models. The aim. To carry out a comprehensive analysis of data on serological monitoring of immunity among indicator groups of the population to rubella virus in the Russian Federation for the period from 2015 to 2022, taking into account the incidence and peculiarities of immunization tactics. Materials and Methods. Serological monitoring was carried out using standardized test systems and techniques, which ensured comparability of data throughout the entire study period (2015-2022). The contingent for the examination was selected with documentary confirmation of the fact of vaccination in the age groups 3–4 years, 9–10, 15–17, 25–29, 30–35 years. Only persons aged 40 years and older were examined without taking into account the vaccination history Results and Discussion. The conducted study confirmed a sufficient, stable level of immunity to the rubella virus in most age groups and regions of the country, which indicates the effectiveness of vaccination and the preservation (stabilization) of the infection elimination process. The slight increase in the average proportion of seronegatives among adults 30–35 and 40 years and older, revealed in the analysis, compared with other groups, requires further observation and clarification of the causes. Conclusions. The study confirmed the high level of immunity to rubella virus among the population of the Russian Federation, which indicates the effectiveness of the current program of vaccination against rubella infection and the infection elimination program. However, groups of the population have been identified, among which there is a slight decrease in the level of immunity, which requires additional attention from health authorities to maintain a stable rubella elimination status in the country. The results of the study will be used as additions to national and regional strategies aimed at maintaining the rubella elimination status.
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