莫斯科一家大型防痨机构员工感染 COVID-19 的风险:调查结果

E. Bogorodskaya, I. V. Nozdrevatykh, E. L. Khristoforova, E. M. Belilovsky
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Aim. Assessment of the risks of contracting COVID-19 among employees of a large anti-tuberculosis medical organization in a metropolis. Materials & Methods. A survey of employees of a large anti-tuberculosis medical organization in Moscow was conducted. The survey was conducted on 46 key questions of epidemiological history, compliance with the requirements of the sanitary and anti-epidemic regime, alleged sources of infection, prognostic risks of the occurrence and course of COVID-19. During the period from August 1 to October 1, 2022, 1225 employees of the institution were surveyed (43.8% of the total number). The survey was conducted on a voluntary basis and was anonymous. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

相关性。通过研究在 COVID-19 条件下工作的经验,我们可以更有效地评估在新流行病(包括由新病原体引起的流行病)发生或受到威胁时抗击流行病措施的功能。与大都市的其他人群相比,医疗机构的员工感染 COVID-19 的风险更高,这就决定了有必要在医疗机构制定额外的措施来保护员工。在大流行期间及时评估风险和采取预防措施,可以建立一个系统,保护医疗机构在提供医疗服务时免受各种生物威胁。目标评估大都市一家大型抗结核医疗机构员工感染 COVID-19 的风险。材料与方法。对莫斯科一家大型抗结核医疗机构的员工进行了调查。调查涉及 46 个关键问题,包括流行病学史、遵守卫生防疫制度的情况、所谓的感染源、COVID-19 发生和发展的预后风险。在 2022 年 8 月 1 日至 10 月 1 日期间,对该机构的 1225 名员工(占总人数的 43.8%)进行了调查。调查以自愿和匿名的方式进行。在回答问题时,参与者提供了有关人口统计学因素(年龄、性别)、实际居住地、感染新冠状病毒的事实、SARS-CoV-2 实验室检测频率、COVID-19 免疫接种情况、可能与 COVID-19 患者接触的场所、在家中和工作场所使用个人防护设备 (PPE)、定期使用皮肤消毒剂以及其他信息,这些信息使我们能够确定工人在家中和工作场所的感染风险。为了评估感染风险,我们根据受访者在 2022 年 10 月 1 日之前是否对 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性(第 I 组)或未呈阳性(第 II 组)将其分为两组。检测材料为鼻/咽拭子。对员工的研究是在抗结核医疗组织实验室的基础上进行的,并在大都市其他获得认证的实验室中使用分子遗传学方法,自 2022 年 2 月起还使用了测定 SARS-CoV-2 抗原的快速方法。结果。根据调查问卷数据,797 名员工感染了新型冠状病毒 COVID-19,其中 138 人(17.3%)为重复感染。在直接参与抗击新型冠状病毒感染的抗结核医疗组织人员中,发现了增加 COVID-19 风险的因素。研究结果表明,影响工作人员发病率的重要因素有:COVID-19 检查频率、定期使用皮肤消毒剂、接触感染源、使用眼镜矫正视力、使用公共交通工具和工作时进食。结论有必要对医疗机构员工感染 COVID-19 的风险进行研究,并在此基础上制定一套额外的防疫保护措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Risk of COVID­-19 Infection among Employees of a Large Anti­tuberculosis Institution in Moscow: Survey Results
Relevance. Studying the experience of working under the conditions of COVID-19 allows us to more effectively assess the functioning of anti-epidemic measures in the event of the occurrence or threat of new pandemics, including those caused by new pathogens. The risk of contracting COVID-19 among employees of medical organizations is higher compared to the rest of the population of the metropolis, which determines the need to develop additional measures in medical organizations to protect workers. Timely assessment of risks and preventive measures during a pandemic allow building a system to protect medical institutions from various biological threats when providing medical care. Aim. Assessment of the risks of contracting COVID-19 among employees of a large anti-tuberculosis medical organization in a metropolis. Materials & Methods. A survey of employees of a large anti-tuberculosis medical organization in Moscow was conducted. The survey was conducted on 46 key questions of epidemiological history, compliance with the requirements of the sanitary and anti-epidemic regime, alleged sources of infection, prognostic risks of the occurrence and course of COVID-19. During the period from August 1 to October 1, 2022, 1225 employees of the institution were surveyed (43.8% of the total number). The survey was conducted on a voluntary basis and was anonymous. When answering questions, participants provided information about demographic factors (age, gender), place of actual residence, the fact of contracting a new coronavirus infection, frequency of laboratory testing for SARS-CoV-2, immunization against COVID-19, possible places of contact with patients with COVID-19, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at home and at work, the regular use of skin antiseptics, as well as other information that allowed us to establish the risks of infection of workers at home and at work. To assess the risks of infection, respondents were divided into two groups depending on the presence of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (group I) or its absence (group II) as of October 1, 2022. The material for testing was nasal/oropharyngeal swabs. The research of employees was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of the anti-tuberculosis medical organization, as well as in other accredited laboratories of the metropolis using the molecular genetic method, and since February 2022 also using the express method that determines the SARS-CoV-2 antigen. Results. Among the survey participants and according to the questionnaire data, 797 employees suffered from the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, and 138 (17.3%) of them had repeated cases of the disease. Factors that increase the risk of COVID-19 among personnel of anti-tuberculosis medical organizations directly involved in the fight against the new coronavirus infection have been identified. The results of the study demonstrated that important factors influencing the incidence of workers were the frequency of examination for COVID-19, the regular use of skin antiseptics, contact with sources of infection, the use of glasses for vision correction, the use of public transport and eating at work. Conclusion. The need to study the risks of contracting COVID-19 among employees of medical organization and, based on them, develop a set of additional anti-epidemic protection measures was confirmed.
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