Systematization of end effectors of deep milling machines for peat extraction

Currently, ensuring energy security is a key priority for the country. Peat resources account for one-third of the country's total energy potential. Apart from energy production, peat finds extensive use in agriculture, chemical industry, construction, and the production of construction materials. Presently, milled peat constitutes the main volume of production in the country. The technology of its extraction involves preparing areas and removing undergrowth, stumps, and wood debris during preparation of the deposit by trenching or deep milling. However, due to the imperfections of the equipment, peat contamination and loss of its quality occur. This article analyzes means for carrying out preparatory operations to condition the surface of the deposit. It discusses the designs of end effectors for deep milling machines, their cutting structures, and the specific features of the tools used, i.e. blades, cutters, mills, chains. Classification of end effectors for peat machines as well as tools for deep milling of the deposit surface is proposed. This systematization involves identifying classification features by the type of machines, impact on the wood debris, movement of the end effector, its arrangement and design, as well as by parameters and types of the end effector’s cutting structures. The article may be useful for engineers, researchers, graduate students, and organizations involved in designing and studying processes of peat deposits conditioning.