论台湾普通话中 nu-V 结构的标度性

Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1111/stul.12244
Yi‐Hsun Chen, C.‐T. Tim Chou, Po Ju Shen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文研究了台湾普通话中标量 nu-V 结构的三个困惑:(a) 标量 nu-V 结构与状态/成就动词不相容,无论是否有数量短语;(b) 当与活动动词结合时,标量 nu-V 结构在突发语境中似乎必须包含数量短语;(c) 在适当的语境支持下,裸名词和指示词组可以取代典型的强制性数量短语,与活动动词构成语法上的标量 nu-V 结构。我们认为,这些难题的解决之道在于标量 nu-V 结构的三个核心意义成分:(a) 标量预设;(b) 与焦点的关联;(c) 意志要求。具体来说,我们提出:(a) 标量 nu 是标量动词修饰语,与后面的动词构成动词复合词;(b) 标量 nu 在标量 nu-V 结构中引入了标量预设(基于标量关联)和意志要求。如果我们的分析是正确的,那么它表明结构的标量性可能来自复合动词构成中的动词修饰语(如标量 nu),从而加深了我们对自然语言中复合动词构成性的理解。
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On the scalarity of nu‐V constructions in Taiwan Mandarin
This paper investigates three puzzles concerning scalar nu‐V constructions in Taiwan Mandarin: (a) a scalar nu‐V construction is incompatible with state/achievement verbs, irrespective of the presence of a quantity phrase; (b) when combined with activity verbs, the inclusion of a quantity phrase appears obligatory for scalar nu‐V constructions in an out‐of‐the‐blue context; (c) under appropriate contextual support, bare nouns and demonstrative phrases can replace the typically obligatory quantity phrases to form a grammatical scalar nu‐V construction with an activity verb. We argue that the solutions to these puzzles lie in three core meaning components of scalar nu‐V constructions: (a) scalar presupposition; (b) association with focus; (c) volitional requirement. Specifically, we propose that (a) scalar nu is a scalar verbal modifier that forms a verbal compound with its following verb; (b) scalar nu introduces a scalar presupposition (based on the scalar associate) and the volitional requirement in scalar nu‐V constructions. If our analysis is correct, it suggests that the scalarity of a construction may come from a verbal modifier (e.g., scalar nu) in the formation of a compound verb, thereby enhancing our understanding of the compositionality of compound verbs in natural language.
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