Dripta Bhattacharjee, R. Savage, Rishabh Bajpai, J. Betzwieser, V. Bossilkov, Dan Chen, Cervane Grimaud, Shingo Hido, Sudarshan Karki, Stefan Kueck, P. Lagabbe, H. Lecher, John Lehman, Francisco Llamas, Marco A Lopez, Loic Rolland, Anthony Sanchez, M. Spidell, Michelle Stephens
{"title":"通过 NIST 和 PTB 的激光功率校准来校准引力波观测站全球网络","authors":"Dripta Bhattacharjee, R. Savage, Rishabh Bajpai, J. Betzwieser, V. Bossilkov, Dan Chen, Cervane Grimaud, Shingo Hido, Sudarshan Karki, Stefan Kueck, P. Lagabbe, H. Lecher, John Lehman, Francisco Llamas, Marco A Lopez, Loic Rolland, Anthony Sanchez, M. Spidell, Michelle Stephens","doi":"10.1088/1681-7575/ad615f","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n Current gravitational wave observatories rely on Photon Calibrators (Pcals) that use laser radiation pressure to generate displacement fiducials used to calibrate detector output signals. Reducing calibration uncertainty enables optimal extraction of astrophysical information such as source distance and sky position from detected signals. For the ongoing O4 observation run that started on May 24, 2023, the global gravitational wave detector network is employing a new calibration scheme with transfer standards calibrated at both the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). These transfer standards will circulate between the observatories and the metrology institutes to provide laser power calibration traceable to the International System of Units (SI) and enable assessment and reduction of relative calibration errors for the observatory network. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) project and the Virgo project are currently participating in the new calibration scheme. The Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational-wave Telescope project (KAGRA) is expected to join in 2024, with the LIGO Aundha Observatory (LAO) in India joining later. Before implementing this new scheme, a NIST-PTB bilateral comparison was conducted. The results of this comparison, with significantly lower uncertainty than previous studies, are reported. We also describe the transfer of power sensor calibration, including detailed uncertainty estimates, from the transfer standards calibrated by NIST and PTB to the sensors operating continuously at the interferometer end stations. Finally, we discuss the ongoing calibration of Pcal-induced displacement fiducials for the O4 observing run. Achieved combined standard uncertainty levels as low as 0.3 % facilitate calibrating the interferometer output signals with sub-percent accuracy.","PeriodicalId":18444,"journal":{"name":"Metrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Calibrating the global network of gravitational wave observatories via laser power calibration at NIST and PTB\",\"authors\":\"Dripta Bhattacharjee, R. Savage, Rishabh Bajpai, J. Betzwieser, V. Bossilkov, Dan Chen, Cervane Grimaud, Shingo Hido, Sudarshan Karki, Stefan Kueck, P. Lagabbe, H. Lecher, John Lehman, Francisco Llamas, Marco A Lopez, Loic Rolland, Anthony Sanchez, M. Spidell, Michelle Stephens\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/1681-7575/ad615f\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n Current gravitational wave observatories rely on Photon Calibrators (Pcals) that use laser radiation pressure to generate displacement fiducials used to calibrate detector output signals. Reducing calibration uncertainty enables optimal extraction of astrophysical information such as source distance and sky position from detected signals. For the ongoing O4 observation run that started on May 24, 2023, the global gravitational wave detector network is employing a new calibration scheme with transfer standards calibrated at both the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). These transfer standards will circulate between the observatories and the metrology institutes to provide laser power calibration traceable to the International System of Units (SI) and enable assessment and reduction of relative calibration errors for the observatory network. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) project and the Virgo project are currently participating in the new calibration scheme. The Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational-wave Telescope project (KAGRA) is expected to join in 2024, with the LIGO Aundha Observatory (LAO) in India joining later. Before implementing this new scheme, a NIST-PTB bilateral comparison was conducted. The results of this comparison, with significantly lower uncertainty than previous studies, are reported. 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Calibrating the global network of gravitational wave observatories via laser power calibration at NIST and PTB
Current gravitational wave observatories rely on Photon Calibrators (Pcals) that use laser radiation pressure to generate displacement fiducials used to calibrate detector output signals. Reducing calibration uncertainty enables optimal extraction of astrophysical information such as source distance and sky position from detected signals. For the ongoing O4 observation run that started on May 24, 2023, the global gravitational wave detector network is employing a new calibration scheme with transfer standards calibrated at both the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). These transfer standards will circulate between the observatories and the metrology institutes to provide laser power calibration traceable to the International System of Units (SI) and enable assessment and reduction of relative calibration errors for the observatory network. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) project and the Virgo project are currently participating in the new calibration scheme. The Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational-wave Telescope project (KAGRA) is expected to join in 2024, with the LIGO Aundha Observatory (LAO) in India joining later. Before implementing this new scheme, a NIST-PTB bilateral comparison was conducted. The results of this comparison, with significantly lower uncertainty than previous studies, are reported. We also describe the transfer of power sensor calibration, including detailed uncertainty estimates, from the transfer standards calibrated by NIST and PTB to the sensors operating continuously at the interferometer end stations. Finally, we discuss the ongoing calibration of Pcal-induced displacement fiducials for the O4 observing run. Achieved combined standard uncertainty levels as low as 0.3 % facilitate calibrating the interferometer output signals with sub-percent accuracy.
期刊介绍:
Published 6 times per year, Metrologia covers the fundamentals of measurements, particularly those dealing with the seven base units of the International System of Units (metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, mole) or proposals to replace them.
The journal also publishes papers that contribute to the solution of difficult measurement problems and improve the accuracy of derived units and constants that are of fundamental importance to physics.
In addition to regular papers, the journal publishes review articles, issues devoted to single topics of timely interest and occasional conference proceedings. Letters to the Editor and Short Communications (generally three pages or less) are also considered.