南亚三国在 COVID-19 期间及其后采用直播稻系统的模式

Crops Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.3390/crops4030023
Simerjeet Kaur, Sharif Ahmed, T. Awan, Hafiz Haider Ali, Rajbir Singh, G. Mahajan, B. S. Chauhan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于旅行限制、市场关闭和社会疏远要求,COVID-19 对小农和边缘化农民的生活造成了深刻的经济影响。由于 COVID 在印度造成的劳动力匮乏和水资源短缺,直接播种水稻(DSR)已成为水田插秧水稻(PTR)的可行替代品。然而,在 COVID-19 期间,巴基斯坦和孟加拉国有大量劳动力可用于水稻种植。因此,这两个国家没有观察到从水稻移栽到 DSR 的转变。在 COVID-19 大流行期间,由于供需矛盾,这三个国家的种子、化肥、农药和燃料等投入成本很高。在 COVID-19 大流行期间,农民面临杂草问题,以及在物理和/或经济上无法获得适合种植 DSR 的机械。在 2022 年和 2023 年后期(COVID 后),印度的单株菊苣种植面积减少了 88%,而巴基斯坦和孟加拉国的单株菊苣种植面积则停滞不前。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Adoption Pattern of Direct-Seeded Rice Systems in Three South Asian Countries during COVID-19 and Thereafter
COVID-19 has caused a deep economic impact on the lives of small and marginal farmers due to travel restrictions, market closures, and social distancing requirements. Due to COVID-induced labor scarcity and water shortage in India, direct-seeded rice (DSR) has emerged as a viable alternative to puddled transplanted rice (PTR). However, there was plenty of labor available in Pakistan and Bangladesh for rice cultivation during COVID-19 times. Therefore, both countries did not observe the shift from PTR to DSR. The cost of inputs, such as seed, fertilizer, pesticide, and fuel, was high due to a supply–demand conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic in three countries. Farmers faced weed problems and physical and/or economical non-availability of suitable machinery for DSR cultivation during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the later years of 2022 and 2023 (post-COVID), the area under DSR decreased by 88% in India, while it remained stagnant in Pakistan and Bangladesh.
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