媒体话语中的生物政治策略:俄罗斯、德国和法国对 COVID-19 大流行的反应

IF 0.2 Q4 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
N. K. Radina, Yuliya V. Balakina, K. V. Bannikov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在对俄罗斯、法国和德国的媒体如何报道 COVID-19 大流行期间发生的事件进行比较分析。分析分三个阶段进行:比较生物政治的参与者、研究生物政治的意识形态以及分析生物政治的实施领域。本研究的理论和方法框架以米歇尔-福柯的生物政治理论、爱德华-赫尔曼和诺姆-乔姆斯基的宣传模式以及迪迪埃-比戈的(非)安全化概念为基础。与 COVID-19 大流行相关的文本被分为四个 "波"(2020 年 1 月至 2022 年 3 月),并使用关键词 "大流行"、"COVID "和 "冠状病毒 "从《俄罗斯报》、《新闻报》、《新报》、《费加罗报》、《世界报》、《巴黎人报》、《南德意志报》、《时代报》和《时代周报》的档案中进行检索。分析材料总字数达 6762 万字。研究结果显示,按照福柯传统的生物权力主体框架,国家权力始终是所研究的所有媒体中生物权力和生物政治的关键主体。这包括关注政府官员和机构的行动和决策。此外,研究还发现,所有被研究的媒体都参与了由俄罗斯、德国和法国政府策划的疫苗接种宣传活动,这表明它们普遍与国家主导的生物政治战略保持一致。分析还表明,大流行病期间公共生活的不安全感影响了社会关系、经济、医疗保健和教育等各个领域。这三个国家的媒体都强调了这些领域的影响,并经常将其置于公共安全和生存安全的大背景下。此外,研究还发现了各国媒体在描述生物政治主题方面的显著差异。在俄罗斯,媒体报道着重强调中央政府的作用,而在德国,联邦和地区当局之间的界限更加明显。在法国,媒体通常关注埃马纽埃尔-马克龙总统的个人领导力。尽管存在这些差异,但三个国家都有共同的主题,例如强调疫苗接种的重要性以及将政府措施描述为公共安全所必需。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Biopolitical Strategies in Media Discourses: Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia, Germany, and France
The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of how media outlets in Russia, France, and Germany reported on events during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis was carried out in three stages: comparing the actors of biopolitics, examining the ideologemes of biopolitics, and analyzing the spheres in which biopolitics were implemented. The theoretical and methodological framework of this study is grounded in Michel Foucault's theory of biopolitics, Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky's propaganda model, and Didier Bigo's concept of (in)securitization. Texts related to the COVID-19 pandemic were categorized into four «waves» (January 2020 – March 2022) and retrieved using the keywords «pandemic», «covid», and «coronavirus» from the archives of «Rossiyskaya Gazeta», «Kommersant», «Novaya Gazeta», «Le Figaro», «Le Monde», «Le Parisien», «Süddeutsche Zeitung», «Die Zeit», and «Die Tageszeitung». The total volume of analyzed material amounts to 67.62 million words. The results reveal that state power consistently emerges as a key subject of biopower and biopolitics across all the media studied, following Foucault's traditional framework of biopower subjects. This includes a focus on the actions and decisions of government officials and institutions. Additionally, the study found that all examined media outlets participated in promoting vaccination campaigns orchestrated by the governments of Russia, Germany, and France, indicating a widespread alignment with state-led biopolitical strategies.The analysis also shows that the insecuritization of public life during the pandemic affected various sectors including social relations, the economy, healthcare, and education. Media discourse in all three countries highlighted these areas of impact, often framing them within the broader context of public and existential security.Furthermore, the study identifies notable differences in how the media in each country portrayed biopolitical themes. In Russia, media coverage placed a strong emphasis on the central government's role, while in Germany, there was a more pronounced delineation between federal and regional authorities. In France, media outlets often focused on the personal leadership of President Emmanuel Macron. Despite these differences, there were shared themes across all three countries, such as the emphasis on the importance of vaccination and the portrayal of government measures as necessary for public safety.
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来源期刊
MGIMO Review of International Relations
MGIMO Review of International Relations INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-
CiteScore
0.60
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0.00%
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46
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