探索南部非洲青少年生育不平等问题

IF 0.2 Q4 PEDIATRICS
PhD M Shoko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景。在全球范围内,青少年生育率(AFR)差异很大,南部非洲次区域的差异更为明显。孤儿和父母不在身边是研究青少年生育率的关键社会因素,但由于国际上规定直接收集孤儿和生活安排数据的年龄上限为 17 岁,因此针对 15-19 岁女孩的研究受到限制。描述因数据年龄限制而被排除在研究之外的青少年的生育特征。研究使用了南部非洲以家庭为基础的横截面人口与健康调查(DHS)数据,这些数据是根据当地和国际地理标准定义的。研究采用固定效应逻辑回归法,建立了父母不在和家庭内部对 15-19 岁青少年生育率影响的模型,并对国家间差异进行了调整。孤儿、父母不在身边和青少年生育率之间的关系因国家而异。父母不在身边与较高的生育可能性有关(调整后的几率比(aOR)为 3.07,P<0.05)。相反,如果家中有孤儿,则生育的可能性会降低 36%,但没有统计学意义。与南非相比,研究中所有国家的青少年生育几率都明显较高(aOR 1.4 - 5.4,p<0.05)。当家中有孤儿时,青少年生育的概率普遍较低,其中安哥拉、马拉维和赞比亚的差异最大,而南非的差异最小。这项研究强调了家庭生活安排和父母不在身边对了解和解决南部非洲青少年生育问题的关键作用。要解决这一问题,就必须采取双重办法,既要对一般青少年采取干预措施,又要专门针对父母不在身边的青少年采取干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring adolescent fertility inequality in Southern Africa
Background. Globally, adolescent fertility rates (AFR) vary widely, with stark inequality in the Southern African subregion. Orphanhood and parental absence are key social factors studied in relation to adolescent fertility, but research focusing on girls aged 15 - 19 years is constrained by the international age cap of 17 years for collecting direct orphanhood and living arrangement data. Objectives. To characterise fertility among adolescents largely excluded from research because of age restrictions in the data. Methods. The study uses the cross-sectional household-based Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for Southern Africa, defined according to both local and international geoschemes. It models parental absence and intrahousehold effects on fertility for adolescents aged 15 - 19 years old, using the fixed effects logistic regression, adjusting for inter-country differences. Results. The relationship between orphanhood, parental absence and rates of adolescent childbearing varied across countries. Parent absence was associated with a higher likelihood of childbearing (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.07, p<0.05). Conversely, having an orphaned child(ren) in the household was associated with a 36% lower likelihood of childbearing, though not statistically significant. Compared with South Africa (SA), all the countries in the study showed significantly higher odds of adolescent childbearing (aOR 1.4 - 5.4, p<0.05). The probability of adolescents giving birth was generally lower when residing with orphaned children in the household, with Angola, Malawi and Zambia showing the highest differences, and SA the smallest. Conclusions. The study underscores the critical role of household living arrangements and parental absence in understanding and addressing adolescent fertility in Southern Africa. Addressing this issue necessitates a dual approach, encompassing interventions for adolescents in general and specifically targeting those with absent parents.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
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21
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12 weeks
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