微生物联合体介导的水稻秸秆就地管理方案对水稻-小麦种植系统的产量、经济性和能效的影响

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Indian Journal of Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.59797/ija.v69i2.5495

S. M. Manu, Y. Singh, Y. Shivay, K. Shekhawat, M. Elakkya, H. S. Gouda

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在 2019-20 年和 2020-21 年的雨季和冬季，在新德里的国际农业研究理事会-国际农业研究所（ICAR-IARI）进行了一项田间试验，研究作物种植方法和微生物联合体（Pusa 分解者）介导的稻草就地管理方案对水稻（Oryza sativa L）（变种 Pusa Basmati 1509）和小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）（变种 HD 2967）产量、经济性和能量的影响。试验采用分小区设计，三次重复。主小区包括两种处理，即湿季的有氧水稻（AR）和常规移栽水稻（CT），以及七种子小区处理，即旱季的清洁栽培（去除稻草）、稻草掺入（PSI）、稻草覆盖（PSM）、PSI + 蒲草腐熟剂（PD）、PSM + PD、PSI + 尿素 @ 20 公斤/公顷、PSI + PD + 尿素 @ 10 公斤/公顷。水稻试验结果表明，在试验的两个年份中，CT 水稻的谷物产量（4.23 吨/公顷和 4.42 吨/公顷）、净收益（69470 `和 71682 `/公顷）和能量输出（157361 和 160950 兆焦/公顷）均明显优于主田的 AR 水稻。但是，子地块处理在这些参数上的差异不明显。在小麦中，与其他处理和对照（清洁栽培）相比，稻草就地处理+Pusa 分解剂+尿素 @ 10 公斤/公顷处理的谷物产量（4.86 吨/公顷和 4.92 吨/公顷）、净收益（62697 `和 64801 `/公顷）和能量输出（174951 和 176730 兆焦/公顷）明显更高。然而，在主要地块中，AR-小麦和 CT-小麦的统计结果相似。因此，常规水稻插秧的生产率和收益率明显高于有氧水稻，但 AR 消耗的能量（18.95%）和水（31.73%）更少。与对照相比，稻草掺入+普萨分解剂+尿素 @ 10 公斤/公顷被认为是有效的水稻就地管理方案，具有更高的生产率和能量产出。

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Influence of microbial consortia mediated in-situ rice straw management options on yield, economics and energetics in rice-wheat cropping system

A field experiment was carried out during rainy and winter seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi to study the effect of crop establishment methods and microbial consortia (Pusa decomposer) mediated in-situ rice straw management options on yield, economics and energetics of rice (Oryza sativa L) (cv. Pusa Basmati 1509) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (cv. HD 2967). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of two treatments viz., aerobic rice (AR) and conventional transplanted (CT) rice in wet season and seven sub-plot treatments viz. clean cultivation (removal of paddy straw), paddy straw incorporation (PSI), paddy straw mulching (PSM), PSI + Pusa decomposer (PD), PSM + PD, PSI + urea @ 20 kg/ha, PSI + PD + urea @ 10 kg/ha in dry season. In rice, results showed that grain yield (4.23 and 4.42 t/ha), net return (`69,470 and `71,682/ha) and energy output (157361 and 160950 MJ/ha) were significantly superior in CT rice than AR in main plots during both the years of experiment. However, sub-plot treatments showed a non-significant difference on these parameters. In wheat, among in-situ rice straw management options, paddy straw incorporation+ Pusa decomposer + urea @ 10 kg/ha treatment significantly resulted in higher grain yield (4.86 and 4.92 t/ha), net return (`62697 and `64801 /ha) and energy output (174951 and 176730 MJ/ha) compared to other treatments and control (clean cultivation). However, in main plots, statistically similar results were obtained with AR-wheat and CT-wheat. Thus, conventional rice transplanting resulted in significantly higher productivity and profitability over aerobic rice, however, AR consumed less energy (18.95%) and water (31.73%). Whereas, paddy straw incorporation+ Pusa decomposer + Urea @ 10 kg/ha was found effective in-situ rice management options with higher productivity and energy output compared to control.

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来源期刊

Indian Journal of Agronomy Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

0.50

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： Indian Journal of Agronomy welcomes concise articles presenting original research data based on field experiments on all aspects of agronomy in different crops and related cropping systems. • The journal publishes only full length comprehensive articles based on new approaches/findings in English only. • Review articles are also considered but these are normally solicited by Editorial Board. However, the authors who wish to contribute a review on their own based on their standing in the relevant field may contact the Secretary or Chief Editor with a broad outline before submitting the manuscript.