无管制开放式捕鱼与受管制开放式捕鱼:塞拉利昂利益攸关方的看法

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI:10.3390/fishes9070282
Nwamaka Okeke‐Ogbuafor, Tim Gray
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引用次数: 0

摘要

西非沿海海洋捕捞渔业的鱼类资源正在减少。许多观察家将鱼量下降归咎于气候变化和开放式捕捞制度。开放式捕捞鼓励了太多的人从事捕捞,结果导致鱼类种群被过度捕捞。这些批评者认为,这是哈丁公地悲剧的典型例子,即自然资源使用者数量的不断增加最终导致资源的崩溃。本研究分析了利益相关者对塞拉利昂海洋渔业开放式捕捞的看法,对 32 名关键信息提供者进行了访谈。我们的研究发现,虽然他们认为开放式捕捞会影响鱼类资源,但大多数塞拉利昂海洋捕捞渔民并不认为开放式捕捞是导致鱼类资源减少的原因;相反,他们将责任归咎于缺乏对捕捞方法和范围的强制法规。因此,这些渔民赞成继续开放捕捞--至少因为这有助于减轻饥饿,而且是塞拉利昂沿海社区现成的蛋白质来源--但同时要对所使用的渔具类型以及所捕获的鱼的数量、大小和种类做出严格规定。换句话说,与无管制的开放式捕捞相比,他们更倾向于有管制的开放式捕捞。中央政府监管渔业的决心将决定其是否从无管制的开放式准入过渡到有管制的开放式准入或其他形式的开放式获取。本研究建议对如何影响执行法规的政治意愿进行详细研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Unregulated Open-Access versus Regulated Open-Access Fishing: Stakeholders Perceptions in Sierra Leone
Fish stocks are declining in marine capture coastal fisheries in West Africa. Many observers have blamed climate change and the system of open access for the decline. Open-access fishing encourages too many people to take up fishing, and the result is overfishing of the stocks. According to such critics, this is a classic example of Hardin’s tragedy of the commons, whereby a continuous increase in the number of users of a natural resource eventually leads to the collapse of the resource. The present study, which analysed stakeholders’ perceptions about their open-access fishing in Siera Leone’s marine fisheries, conducted 32 key informant interviews. Our research found that while they perceived that open-access fishing impacted fish stocks, most Sierra Leone’s marine capture fishers did not see open access as a cause of fish decline; instead, they blamed the lack of enforced regulations on the methods and extent of fishing. Accordingly, these fishers favoured the continuation of open access—not least because it helps to alleviate hunger and is a readily available source of protein in Sierra Leone’s coastal communities—but accompanied by strict regulations on both the type of fishing gear used and the quantity, size, and species of fish caught. In other words, they preferred regulated open access to unregulated open access. The central government’s resolve to regulate its fishery will determine whether it will transition from unregulated open access to regulated open access or other forms of OA. This study recommends detailed research into how to influence political will to enforce regulations.
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