废物活性污泥热化学预处理对生物甲烷增效的协同效应

A. M. Almegbl, F. Munshi, A. Khursheed
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摘要

通过对废物活性污泥(WAS)等有机废物进行厌氧消化(AD),可以生产可持续的环保能源。然而,由于 WAS 的降解能力有限,因此需要对其进行预处理,以提高其生物降解能力,从而提高沼气产量。对 WAS 采用了碱性(0.5%-9% g NaOH/gTS,30 分钟)、微波(MW)(90°C-175°C)和混合(0.5% g NaOH/gTS +125°C)预处理。对未经处理和预处理的废水进行表征后发现,随着碱性和 MW 预处理程度的提高,可溶性化学需氧量(sCOD)、碳水化合物和蛋白质都有所增加;但是,易生物降解 COD(rbCOD)的速率与 sCOD 不同。碱性、MW 和混合预处理的 sCOD 分别为 7%-18%、8%-23% 和 37%。较强的碱性和 MW 预处理会导致较高的浊度、毛细管抽吸时间和较低的平均粒径。与未处理污泥的 AD 相比,经碱性、MW 和混合预处理的 WAS AD 产生的沼气分别增加了 94%(0.5% NaOH)、125%(MW,125°C)和 199%(0.5% NaOH 和 MW,125°C)。经碱性、MW 和混合预处理的 BMP 试验的厌氧消化数据与改进的 Gompertz 模型非常吻合,决定系数高于 0.95。PCA 分析表明,沼气产量与预处理温度、VFA 产量、rbCOD、sCOD 以及可溶性碳水化合物和蛋白质密切相关。微生物基因组测序分析表明,微生物丰度和多样性有所提高。醋酸甲烷菌(Methanothrix)的生长提高了 37%(MW 预处理)。在对照组、碱性、MW 和混合预处理的沼渣中,利用所有三种代谢途径产甲烷的 Methanosarcina 的丰度分别为 17%、21%、11% 和 48%,与对照组相比,混合预处理的效果提高了 186%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Synergic effect of thermo-chemical pretreatment of waste-activated sludge on bio-methane enhancement
Sustainable and environmentally friendly energy production is feasible via anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes, such as waste-activated sludge (WAS). However, due to its limited degradation, a pretreatment strategy is applied to WAS to enhance its bio-degradation and, thus, biogas yield. Alkaline (0.5%–9% g NaOH/gTS, 30 min), microwave (MW) (90°C–175°C), and hybrid (0.5% g NaOH/gTS +125°C) pretreatments were applied to WAS. The characterization of untreated and pretreated WAS revealed that with higher alkaline and MW pretreatment, the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), carbohydrate, and protein increased; however, the readily biodegradable COD (rbCOD) rate was unlike the sCOD. The sCOD was 7%–18%, 8%–23%, and 37% for alkaline, MW, and hybrid pretreatments, respectively. Stronger alkaline and MW pretreatment induced higher turbidity, capillary suction time, and lower average particle size. AD of alkaline-, MW-, and hybrid-pretreated WAS produced 94% (0.5% NaOH), 125% (MW at 125°C), and 199% (0.5% NaOH and MW at 125°C) increased biogas, respectively, compared to the AD of untreated sludge. The AD data on the alkaline-, MW-, and hybrid-pretreated BMP assays fitted well with the modified Gompertz model with a coefficient of determination above 0.95. The PCA analysis showed that biogas production is closely correlated with pretreatment temperature, VFA production, rbCOD, sCOD, and soluble carbohydrates and protein. Microbial genome sequencing analysis showed an improvement in microbial abundance and diversity. Acetoclastic methanogen (Methanothrix) growth was improved by 37% (MW pretreatment). Abundances of Methanosarcina, using all three metabolic pathways for methanogenesis, were 17, 21, 11, and 48% in the control, alkaline-, MW-, and hybrid-pretreated digestate, respectively, corresponding to 186% improvement in hybrid pretreatment when compared to the control.
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