二维材料在抗生物膜应用中的作用:最新发展与前景

Pharmaceuticals Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI:10.3390/ph17070950
Lei Xin, Hongkun Zhao, Min Peng, Yuanjie Zhu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物膜相关感染是医疗保健领域面临的一项重大挑战,占细菌感染的 80%,通常会导致顽固的慢性病。由于细菌生物膜屏障具有高度耐受性和抗药性,传统抗生素很难有效对付这些感染。二维纳米材料,如石墨烯家族、氮化硼、二硫化钼(MoS2)、MXene 和黑磷等材料,在抗击生物膜方面具有巨大潜力。这些以纳米材料为基础的抗菌策略是新型工具,有望战胜耐药细菌和顽固的生物膜,并有能力规避现有的耐药机制。这篇综述全面总结了二维纳米材料的最新进展,既可作为治疗剂,也可作为纳米载体用于精准抗生素递送,重点关注纳米平台与光热/光动力疗法在消灭细菌、穿透和/或消融生物膜方面的结合。这篇综述对当前抗菌纳米治疗方法的最新进展和当前局限性提出了重要见解,并讨论了该领域的未来发展,以全面促进公众健康。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Roles of Two-Dimensional Materials in Antibiofilm Applications: Recent Developments and Prospects
Biofilm-associated infections pose a significant challenge in healthcare, constituting 80% of bacterial infections and often leading to persistent, chronic conditions. Conventional antibiotics struggle with efficacy against these infections due to the high tolerance and resistance induced by bacterial biofilm barriers. Two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as those from the graphene family, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), MXene, and black phosphorus, hold immense potential for combating biofilms. These nanomaterial-based antimicrobial strategies are novel tools that show promise in overcoming resistant bacteria and stubborn biofilms, with the ability to circumvent existing drug resistance mechanisms. This review comprehensively summarizes recent developments in two-dimensional nanomaterials, as both therapeutics and nanocarriers for precision antibiotic delivery, with a specific focus on nanoplatforms coupled with photothermal/photodynamic therapy in the elimination of bacteria and penetrating and/or ablating biofilm. This review offers important insight into recent advances and current limitations of current antibacterial nanotherapeutic approaches, together with a discussion on future developments in the field, for the overall benefit of public health.
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